Computer Fundamentals MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Computer Fundamentals - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is Android.

Key Points

• Android is not a web-based search engine but rather a mobile operating system developed by Google.
  • It is designed for touchscreen devices such as smartphones and tablets.
  • Android provides the platform for users to install apps, including web browsers and search engine apps, to access the internet.
  • While Google, Bing, and Yahoo are search engines used to find information on the web, Android serves as the operating system enabling the device’s functionality.
  • Search engines like Google and Bing can be accessed on Android devices through web browsers or dedicated apps.

Additional Information

• Bing, Google, and Yahoo are conventional web-based search engines used to find information on the internet.
• Web-based search engines work by crawling, indexing, and ranking web pages to provide relevant search results based on user queries.
• Android powers millions of devices globally and supports various apps, including those for communication, entertainment, productivity, and web browsing.
• While Android allows you to access search engines, it itself is not a search engine.

The correct answer is option 3.

 Key Points

• The part of the computer used for calculating and comparing is the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU).
• The ALU performs arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) and logical operations (AND, OR, NOT) on data.
• The ALU is a component of the CPU (Central Processing Unit). • The ALU operates on binary data.

 Additional Information

• Disk unit: The disk unit is used for storage of data and programs. It is not involved in calculating or comparing data.
• Control unit: The control unit is responsible for coordinating and controlling the operations of the CPU. It does not directly perform calculations or comparisons.
• Modem: A modem is a device that enables communication between computers over a network. It is not involved in calculating or comparing data. 

The correct answer is Eight bits.

Key Points

• A byte is a unit of digital information that consists of eight bits.
• It is the basic addressable element in many computer architectures and is used to represent a single character of data.
• The size of a byte has historically been hardware-dependent and no definitive standards existed that mandated the size.
• However, the de facto standard established in the 1960s is that a byte is composed of eight bits, which has become widely accepted and used in most modern computing architectures.

Additional Information

• Bit:
  • A bit (short for binary digit) is the most basic unit of information in computing and digital communications.
  • It can have a value of either 0 or 1, which represents the binary state's two possible values.
  • Bits are used to encode data and perform operations in binary code, which is the foundation of all modern computing systems.
• Nibble:
  • A nibble is a four-bit aggregation, or half an octet (an octet being a group of eight bits, which is another term for a byte).
  • It is also sometimes referred to as a semioctet or quartet.
  • Nibbles are used in computing and digital electronics to represent a digit in hexadecimal (base-16) numbering systems.
• Byte:
  • A byte is a unit of digital information that consists of eight bits, which can represent 256 (2^8) different values.
  • Bytes are the standard chunk size for representing a single character of text in computers.
  • They are also used to define the size of other data types, like kilobytes (KB), megabytes (MB), gigabytes (GB), and so on, where each successive unit is a multiple of 1024 bytes.
• Binary Code:
  • Binary code is a system of representing text or computer processor instructions using the binary number system, which uses only two binary digits, 0 and 1.
  • Each bit in a binary code represents a power of 2, and multiple bits together can represent larger numbers or more complex data.
  • Binary code is the fundamental language of computers and digital systems, enabling the encoding, storage, and manipulation of data.

The correct answer is All of the above.

Key Points

• A computer system comprises a central processing unit (CPU), which is responsible for executing instructions and processing data.
• Memory in a computer system stores data and instructions that the CPU needs to execute tasks.
• Input and output units are essential components that allow a computer to interact with the external environment by receiving input and providing output.
• All these components work together to make a computer system functional and capable of performing various tasks.

• Central Processing Unit (CPU):
  • Often referred to as the brain of the computer, the CPU is responsible for executing instructions from programs and processing data.
  • It performs arithmetic, logic, control, and input/output (I/O) operations specified by the instructions in the program.
  • Modern CPUs contain multiple cores, allowing them to execute multiple instructions simultaneously, thereby improving performance.
• Memory:
  • Memory in a computer system is used to store data temporarily (RAM) or permanently (ROM, hard drives, SSDs).
  • Random Access Memory (RAM) is volatile memory used for temporary storage while the computer is running.
  • Read-Only Memory (ROM) is non-volatile memory that stores critical system instructions and data needed for booting up the computer.
• Input and Output Units:
  • Input units allow users to provide data and instructions to the computer (e.g., keyboard, mouse, scanner).
  • Output units allow the computer to communicate results and information to the user (e.g., monitor, printer, speakers).
  • These units are essential for user interaction and for the computer to perform meaningful tasks.

The correct answer is Machine Language.

Key Points

• Machine Language is the most fundamental level of programming language, consisting of binary code that the computer's central processing unit (CPU) can directly execute.
• It is composed of binary digits (0s and 1s), which represent instructions to the hardware.
• Unlike high-level programming languages, machine language does not require translation or interpretation, making it extremely fast but difficult for humans to read and write.

Additional Information

• PASCAL is a high-level programming language designed for teaching programming concepts.
• C and C# are high-level programming languages used for various types of software development.

The correct answer is "File Explorer".

Key PointsRenaming a file:

• Click the File Explorer icon.
• Go to the location where stores your file or folder.
• Right-click the name of the file or folder you wish to rename.
• Click Rename (on the menu that opens up).
• Type a new name for the file and press Enter.

The correct answer is Nibble.

• A half byte is called a Nibble.

Key Points

• A bit is the smallest unit of storage.
• A bit stores just a 0 or 1.
• Computers are designed to store data and execute instructions in bit multiples called bytes.
• One nibble is equal to 4 bits.

Important Points

• Computer storage and memory are often measured in megabytes (MB) and gigabytes (GB).
  • 1 kilobyte (KB) = 1024 bytes
  • 1 megabyte (MB) = 1024 kilobytes
  • 1 gigabyte (GB) = 1024 megabytes
  • 1 terabyte (TB) = 1024 gigabytes
  • 1 petabyte (PB) = 1024 terabytes

Correct Answer is Second Generation

Concept:

Second Generation (1955-1964) computer made was completely based upon transistors. Transistors replaced vacuum tubes in computers. It was invented at Bell Labs by Walter H. Brattain, John Bardeen and William B. Shockley.The TX-0 was the first computer that used transistors, It was released in 1956.These second-generation machines were used for a wide variety of business and scientific jobs and used high-level programming and assembly languages such as FORTRAN (Formula Translator) and COBOL (Common Business Oriented Language).

Additional Information

The second-generation computers had several features: 

• ​Computers made in the second generation used transistors that made them more reliable, smaller in size, faster in speed, more energy-efficient, and cheaper compared to the first generation of computers.
• They contain magnetic storage disks and magnetic core memory.
• They used high-level languages such as FORTRAN and COBOL and allowed communication with the help of a telephone line.
• As compared to the first generation of computers, the data processing time reduced from milliseconds to microseconds.

The correct answer is "Speed".

Key Points

• Gigahertz is a measurement of something happening X times per second.
• 4 gigahertz means that the thing is happening 4 billion times a second.
• When we say that the processor runs at 4ghz we mean that the “main clock” of the processor is ticking 4 billion times per second.
• CPUs are digital circuits. They only do an action when the clock drives the circuit to do the action. Think of that as the RPM of a car. The faster the clock goes, the faster the actions happen.
• For performance, clock speed is important but it's not directly comparable between different CPU architectures. Clock speeds are comparable only in the same family of cpus that share an architecture.

The correct answer is Nibble.

• A half byte is called a Nibble.

Key Points

• One byte is equal to 8 bits.
• One kilobit is equal to 1000 bits.
• One kilobyte is equal to 8000 bits.
• One kibibit is equal to 1024 bits.
• One kibibyte is equal to 8192 bits.
• One Megabit is equal to 1000000 bits.
• One Megabyte is equal to 8000000 bits. 

The correct answer is I - 3, II - 1, III - 2.

Key Points

• Executing programs:
  • A computer processor executes an instruction, meaning that it performs the operations called for by that instruction.
  • An executable is a file that contains a program - that is, a particular kind of file that is capable of being executed or run as a program in the computer.
• Allocating resources:
  • Resource allocation is the process of assigning and managing assets in a manner that supports an organization's strategic planning goals. 
• Maintain Authorization Information:
  • Authorization is a security mechanism to determine access levels or user/client privileges related to system resources including files, services, computer programs, data and application features.

The correct answer is Android.

Key Points

• Android is not a web-based search engine but rather a mobile operating system developed by Google.
  • It is designed for touchscreen devices such as smartphones and tablets.
  • Android provides the platform for users to install apps, including web browsers and search engine apps, to access the internet.
  • While Google, Bing, and Yahoo are search engines used to find information on the web, Android serves as the operating system enabling the device’s functionality.
  • Search engines like Google and Bing can be accessed on Android devices through web browsers or dedicated apps.

Additional Information

• Bing, Google, and Yahoo are conventional web-based search engines used to find information on the internet.
• Web-based search engines work by crawling, indexing, and ranking web pages to provide relevant search results based on user queries.
• Android powers millions of devices globally and supports various apps, including those for communication, entertainment, productivity, and web browsing.
• While Android allows you to access search engines, it itself is not a search engine.

Explanation:

The startup process of computer system is termed as "Booting". In this, the computer checks whether all the devices are connected properly or not. This is done by a small program in ROM.

The correct answer is option 4.

Key Points

• The fundamental idea behind how a mouse functions is based on electro-mechanical principles.
• When a user moves the mouse, a ball or optical sensor inside the mouse moves as well, which then sends signals to the computer to move the cursor on the screen.
• The signals are sent through a wire or wireless connection, depending on the type of mouse being used.
• Electro-mechanical mice have been largely replaced by optical or laser mice, which use light sensors instead of a ball to track movement.

Additional Information

• Electro-magnetic: These principles are used in devices like speakers and headphones, but not in the functioning of a computer mouse.
• Electro-operational: The term "electro-operational" does not have a clear meaning in the context of a computer mouse.
• Electro-optical: Optical mice do use light sensors to track movement, but this is only one part of the overall electro-mechanical process that enables a mouse to function.