General Science MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for General Science - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is Transition elements.Key PointsSuperconductors:

• Superconductivity is a set of physical properties:
  • electrical resistance vanishes 
  • magnetic flux fields are expelled from the material.
• Unlike an ordinary metallic conductor, whose resistance decreases gradually as its temperature is lowered even down to near absolute zero
• A superconductor has a characteristic critical temperature below which the resistance drops abruptly to zero.
• An electric current through a loop of superconducting wire can persist indefinitely with no power source.
• Superconductor material classes include chemical elements (e.g. mercury or lead), alloys (such as niobium-titanium, germanium–niobium, and niobium nitride), ceramics (YBCO and magnesium diboride), etc.
• Superconductors are mostly compounds of transition metal. Hence option 4 is correct.

The correct answer is Sulphide coating on silver.

• Silver does not react with oxygen as it is highly unreactive.

Key Points

• But over time its surface turns black due to exposure to the air.
• Due to the availability of Hydrogen Sulphide (H₂S) in the air, a layer of silver Sulphide (Ag₂S) is formed and silver loses its shine.
• This blackness can be minimized by covering it with polythene.
• This blackness is a temporary effect on the surface and can be removed by rubbing with a mild soap solution prepared in warm water. 

The correct answer is Oxalic Acid.

Key Points

• Tomato is a natural source of Oxalic acid.
• Oxalic Acid is most likely to be found in Spinach.
• Oxalic acid is an organic compound found in many plants.
• Moderately high contents of oxalic acid were recorded in all varieties of tea leaves.
• Oxalic acid, also called ethanedioic acid, a colorless, crystalline, toxic organic compound belonging to the family of carboxylic acids.

Additional Information 

An endothermic reaction is a reaction in which heat is absorbed.

An exothermic reaction is a reaction in which heat is released.

• Nitre or Salt peter (KNO₃) is an ore of Potassium (K).
• Magnesite(MgCO3) , Dolomite(CaMg(CO3)₂ and Epsom Salt (MgSO4) are ores of Magnesium.
• Ore is a naturally occurring mineral or rock from which metal can be extracted. 

The correct answer is Protein synthesis.

Key Points

• Ribosomes are membranous granular structures present in the cytoplasm.
• They were first observed under an electron microscope as dense particles by George Palade in the year 1953.
• Ribosomes are the site for ''protein synthesis'' so they are also called the ''protein factory'' of the cell.
• There are two types of ribosomes

1. Eukaryotic ribosomes - 80s - occurs in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cell
2. Prokaryotic ribosomes - 70s - occur in the cytoplasm as well as are associated with the cell membrane of prokaryotic cell.

• The subunits of the ribosomes are:
  • 80s ribosomes - are made of 60s and 40s subunits.
  • 70s ribosomes - are made of 50s and 30s subunits.

Important Points

• Composition of the structure of ribosome:
• They are composed of ribonucleic acid (RNA) and proteins

• Photosynthesis: It is the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize nutrients from carbon dioxide and water. In this process, plant the chlorophyll, carbon dioxide, water, sunlight, and release oxygen.
• Synthesis of Fatty acids occurs in the cytoplasm.

CONCEPT:

• Wave: The disturbance that transfers energy from one place to another is called a wave.

There are mainly two types of waves:

1. Transverse waves: The wave in which the movement of the particles is at right angles to the motion of the energy is called a transverse wave. Light is an example of a transverse wave.
2. Longitudinal wave: The wave in which the movement of the particles is parallel to the motion of the energy is called a longitudinal wave. The sound wave is an example of a longitudinal wave.

EXPLANATION:

• Light-wave is a transverse wave because its components vibrate perpendicular to its direction of propagation. So option 1 is correct.

The correct answer is Bile juice, Pancreatic juice.

Key Points

• Bile juice, Pancreatic juice secreted by the organs plays an important role in the digestion of fats.
• Bile juice is secreted by the liver.
  • It does not contain any types of enzymes.
  • The bile juice helps to make the food alkaline and break down the fat molecules.
• Pancreatic juice is secreted by the pancreas.
  • It contains enzymes like amylase, trypsin, pancreatic lipase, nucleases and lipase.
  • Secretion of the Pancreatic juice is regulated by the hormones secretin and cholecystokinin.
• Lipase is the digestive enzyme of fat.
• Ptyalin is the digestive enzyme of the Saliva.
• Hydrochloric acid is produced naturally in the human stomach to help the digestion of food.

The correct answer is Newton's first law.

Key Points

• Newton's laws of motion-
  • ​Newton’s first law states that, if a body is at rest or moving at a constant speed in a straight line, it will remain at rest or keep moving in a straight line at constant speed unless it is acted upon by force.
    • This postulate is known as the law of inertia. The law of inertia was first formulated by Galileo Galilei for horizontal motion on Earth and was later generalized by René Descartes.
    • Before Galileo, it had been thought that all horizontal motion required a direct cause. Still, Galileo deduced from his experiments that a body in motion would remain in motion unless a force (such as friction) caused it to come to rest.
  • Newton’s second law is a quantitative description of the changes that a force can produce in a body's motion.
    • It states that the time rate of change of a body's momentum is equal in both magnitude and direction to the force imposed on it.
    • The momentum of a body is equal to the product of its mass and its velocity. Momentum, like velocity, is a vector quantity, having both magnitude and direction.
    • A force applied to a body can change the magnitude of the momentum, direction, or both.
    • For a body whose mass m is constant, it can be written in F = ma, where F (force) and an (acceleration) are vector quantities.
    • If a body has a net force acting on it, it is accelerated by the equation. Conversely, if a body is not accelerated, there is no net force acting on it.
  • Newton’s third law states that when two bodies interact, they apply forces to one another that are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.
  • The third law is also known as the law of action and reaction. This law is important in analyzing static equilibrium problems, where all forces are balanced, but it also applies to bodies in uniform or accelerated motion.
  • The forces it describes are real ones, not mere bookkeeping devices. For example, a book resting on a table applies a downward force equal to its weight on the table.
  • According to the third law, the table applies an equal and opposite force to the book. This force occurs because the book's weight causes the table to deform slightly so that it pushes back on the book like a coiled spring.

The correct answer is Whale.

Key Points

• Gills are respiratory organs found in most aquatic organisms.
• Gills can extract dissolved oxygen from water and excrete carbon dioxide.
• Gills can be found in Octopus, Squid, Clownfish, Tadpole, Prawn, etc.
• Lungs are the breathing organ of Whales.

Additional InformationRespiratory organs of different Animals:

Concept:

Photosynthesis: 

• The leaves have a green pigment called chlorophyll.
• It helps leaves to capture the energy of the sunlight.
• This energy is used to synthesise (prepare) food from carbon dioxide and water. Since the synthesis of food occurs in the presence of sunlight, it is called photosynthesis.

In the presence of sunlight Carbon dioxide + water → Carbohydrate + oxygen.

• Some plants, green algae, and cyanobacteria can perform photosynthesis.
• The process of photosynthesis is commonly written as

                   6CO2 + 6H2O + Sun-Light → C6H12O6 + 6O2

Plant cells have a cell wall to protect them and make them rigid structure.

Explanation:

1. Plants convert energy from sunlight into food stored as carbohydrate’s - Correct

2. Plants have chlorophyll. - Correct

3. Plant cells do not have cell walls. - Incorrect.

Additional Information

In the plant cells, there are different components and organelles for specific functions-

• Cell Wall – It is a rigid layer composed of cellulose. It is the outermost layer of the cell, below this cell membrane is present. The primary function of the cell wall is to protect and provide structural support to the cell.
• Cell Membrane – It is a semi-permeable membrane that helps in regulating and the substance for entry and exit inside and outside the cell.
• Nucleus – It is a vital part of the cell as it contains all the information or DNA of the cell and their heredity information for growth and cell division.
• Vacuole – Most of the part of the plant cell is occupied by the vacuole. It is surrounded by Tonoplast. The vital role of the vacuole is to provide support again the pressure of the cell wall.
• Golgi apparatus – They act as a transport system in the cell, as they transport various molecules to a different part of the cell.
• Ribosomes – They are the sites of protein synthesis, also termed as the protein factory of the cell.
• Mitochondrion – They break the complex molecules and produce energy and hence called the powerhouse of the cell.
• Lysosomes – They are termed suicidal bags as they hold the enzymes that are capable to digest the whole cell itself.

An earthworm is a tube-shaped, segmented worm found in the phylum Annelida. They are commonly found living in soil, feeding on live and dead organic matter.

The correct answer is Both chloroplast and mitochondria

Concept:

Theory of endosymbiosis:-

• Symbiotic relationship, where one organism lives inside the other, is known as endosymbiosis. 
• The theory proposed that mitochondria and chloroplasts evolved from engulfed prokaryotes.
• A large anaerobic bacteria engulfed an aerobic prokaryote, which then formed an endosymbiotic relationship with the host, gradually developing into a mitochondrion.
• It is believed that chloroplasts originated from a cyanobacterial endosymbiont.

Explanation:

Similarities between Prokaryotic cells, Mitochondria, and Chloroplast:

• Mitochondria and chloroplast are of the same size as prokaryotic cells.
• Mitochondria and prokaryotic cells both have their own circular DNA.
• The ribosome of bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have a 70S type of ribosome.
• Divides by binary fission.

• Vitamin K is a vitamin found in leafy green vegetables, broccoli, and Brussels sprouts.
• In the body, vitamin K plays a major role in blood clotting. So it is used to reverse the effects of “blood-thinning” medications when too much is given; to prevent clotting problems in newborns who don’t have enough vitamin K, and to treat bleeding caused by medications.

Tricks:

The correct answer is At the centre of the Earth.

• The centre of the Earth is such that if we are at that place, the mass around us can be considered to be condensed at the surface of the Earth itself, i.e considering the Earth as a spherical shell.
• Inside a spherical shell, there is no change in potential as one moves inside, and since only a change in potential implies a force there is no force.
• Hence the acceleration due to gravity is zero at the centre of the Earth.