What is the primary function of the tailstock in a lathe?

Explanation:

Tailstock in a Lathe:

• The tailstock is an essential component of a lathe machine, primarily used to provide support and bearing for the rotating workpiece during machining operations. It is located at the opposite end of the headstock on the lathe bed and can be adjusted along the bed to accommodate different workpiece lengths.
• During machining operations, especially when working with long or slender workpieces, the tailstock plays a critical role in maintaining stability and alignment. It houses a spindle (or quill) that can hold tools such as centers or drills. When the workpiece is mounted between the headstock and tailstock, the tailstock ensures that the workpiece remains securely supported, preventing deflection, wobbling, or bending under cutting forces.

Advantages:

• Provides stability to long workpieces during machining, ensuring accurate results.
• Prevents deflection and bending caused by cutting forces, allowing for precise machining.
• Facilitates operations such as drilling, reaming, and tapping by holding the necessary tools.
• Adjustable along the lathe bed, accommodating a wide range of workpiece lengths.

Disadvantages:

• Requires careful alignment with the lathe’s spindle to ensure proper operation.
• Can limit access to certain areas of the workpiece during machining, depending on its position.

Applications: The tailstock is widely used in various machining operations such as turning, drilling, reaming, and tapping. It is particularly beneficial for machining long shafts, rods, or other components that require support to maintain alignment and stability.