Summits and Conferences MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Summits and Conferences - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

In News

• The ‘BRICS Summit 2025’ will be held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, on July 6-7, 2025.
• Throughout 2025, Brazil will lead the BRICS group and prioritize global governance reforms and strengthen cooperation among countries of the Global South.

Key Points

• Brazil’s hosting of the BRICS Summit reflects its growing role in the global political and economic sphere, especially within the group of emerging economies.
• The summit will focus on enhancing cooperation between BRICS nations and advocating for global governance reforms to address the challenges faced by developing countries.
• Rio de Janeiro is one of Brazil's major cities, and hosting the summit there will also showcase the city's significance on the global stage.

Additional Information

• BRICS
  • BRICS is a group of five major emerging economies: Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa.
  • The BRICS nations play a significant role in shaping global economic policies and advocating for the interests of the Global South.
• Global South
  • The term "Global South" refers to countries in Africa, Latin America, Asia, and Oceania that are considered to be developing or underdeveloped economies.
• Global Governance Reform
  • Global governance reform refers to changes in international institutions and policies to better reflect the interests of emerging and developing countries in global decision-making processes.

The Correct Answer is ​Principal Scientific Adviser.

In News

• The Office of Principal Scientific Adviser to Government of India organised the first State/UTs engagement workshop under the National One Health Mission.

Key Points

• The first NOHM workshop was held to advance India’s One Health approach.

• Chaired by the Principal Scientific Adviser (PSA) to the Government of India.

• It brought together diverse stakeholders to promote collaborative efforts.

• Emphasis on syndromic surveillance and mock drills (e.g., Vishanu Yuddh Abhyaas) for health preparedness.

• Gujarat and Kerala showcased their One Health infrastructure development.

• A Youth Engagement Program was launched for innovation via hackathons and digital campaigns.

• Introduction of a central One Health Dashboard to monitor and map related initiatives.

The correct answerr is India

In News

• India will host the next international AI summit, as confirmed by French President Emmanuel Macron’s office.

Key Points

• PM Modi co-chaired the summit in Paris with Macron and announced India’s willingness to host the next event.
• Focus of the summit shifts from AI safety (2023) to action (2025), aiming for inclusivity and sustainability, particularly for the Global South.
• India is involved in all five working groups: governance, future of work, security, AI for general interest, and innovation.
• Differences persist among countries, especially with the US and UK, delaying an outcome statement.
• Geopolitics plays a major role in AI governance, with India advocating inclusivity and innovation.
• PM Modi emphasized the need for access to AI resources in the Global South, where compute power, talent, data, and financial resources are lacking.
• India has been working on Global South inclusion since its G20 Presidency, believing an innovation-driven approach benefits all.
• S Krishnan (MeitY Secretary) compared AI's transformative impact to the Y2K moment for India's IT industry.
• AI can revolutionize healthcare, education, and agriculture, accelerating progress toward Sustainable Development Goals.

Additional Information

• Sustainable AI should be efficient in energy and data use, beyond just clean energy reliance.
• India wants to expand the Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence (GPAI), currently with 44 members.
• PM Modi called AI "the code for humanity", urging global cooperation for governance that fosters trust.
• Modi highlighted AI's rapid development and cross-border interdependence, stressing the need for unified global standards.
• AI’s potential is vast, but biases must be addressed, ensuring fairness and trust in its applications.
• Modi called for open-source AI systems, unbiased data, and people-centric applications to democratize technology.
• Key challenges include cybersecurity, deepfakes, and disinformation, which need robust safeguards.
• Job displacement is a major concern, but history shows technology shifts job nature rather than eliminating work.
• India is investing in AI skilling and re-skilling to prepare its workforce for an AI-driven future.
• India is developing AI for public good and is ready to share expertise globally.
• Regulatory differences between the US, EU, and China were a major summit focus, especially after President Trump removed AI guardrails.

The Correct Answer is ​Nirmala Sitharaman.

In News

• FM Sitharaman chairs 6th NIIF GC Meet; Council reviews fund performance, capital raising strategy.

Key Points

• Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman chaired the 6th Governing Council (GC) meeting of NIIF in New Delhi.

• The meeting reviewed the performance, strategy, and future vision of the National Investment and Infrastructure Fund (NIIF).

• The council discussed next-generation funds, capital-raising avenues, and partnerships with global investors.

• NIIF was praised for its evolution as a sovereign-linked asset manager.

• NIIF’s Assets Under Management (AUM) have grown to ₹30,000 crore, and it has catalysed capital worth ₹1.17 lakh crore.

The correct answer is Voyage to New Horizons of Maritime Partnership.

Key Points

• The 8th Indian Ocean Conference was held in Muscat, Oman, in February 2025.
• The theme of the conference was “Voyage to New Horizons of Maritime Partnership.”
• The event focused on enhancing regional cooperation, maritime security, and sustainable development in the Indian Ocean region.
• High-level delegations, including ministers, policymakers, and experts from Indian Ocean Rim countries, participated in discussions on strengthening maritime partnerships.
• The conference is part of a broader effort to promote peace, stability, and prosperity in the Indian Ocean region, which is a strategic and economically vital area for global trade.

Additional Information

• Indian Ocean Region (IOR):
  • The IOR is home to nearly 2.7 billion people and spans across three continents—Asia, Africa, and Australia.
  • The region is of strategic importance due to its role in global trade routes, with the Indian Ocean being a major conduit for international energy supplies.
  • It is rich in resources such as oil, gas, and fisheries, making it a focal point for geopolitical and economic activities.
• Maritime Security:
  • Maritime security involves protecting sea routes from threats such as piracy, illegal fishing, human trafficking, and terrorism.
  • It also includes ensuring the freedom of navigation and maintaining the security of critical maritime infrastructure.
• Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA):
  • IORA is an intergovernmental organization aimed at strengthening regional cooperation and sustainable development among Indian Ocean rim countries.
  • It includes 23 member states and 10 dialogue partners, with its priorities including maritime safety, trade, and disaster risk management.
• Blue Economy:
  • The blue economy refers to the sustainable use of ocean resources for economic growth, improved livelihoods, and ocean ecosystem health.
  • Key sectors include fisheries, tourism, renewable energy, and maritime transport.
  • The concept emphasizes balancing economic activities with environmental conservation.

The correct answer is China.

Key Points

• The first BRICS Sherpas meeting of 2022 was held virtually on January 18-19, 2022.
• China has taken on the rotating chairmanship of BRICS in 2022.
• Program and priorities for the year were discussed during the meeting.
• India’s BRICS Sherpa was Mr. Sanjay Bhattacharyya.

Additional Information

• BRICS:
  • BRICS is a grouping of five major emerging economies —  Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. 
  • Since 2009, the governments of the BRICS states have met annually at formal summits.
  • India hosted the most recent 13th BRICS summit on 9 September 2021 virtually.
  • Originally the first four were grouped as "BRIC" before the induction of South Africa in 2010.

The correct answer is 'Egypt'.Key Points

• The 27^th annual UN meeting on climate, COP27 (Conference of Parties) will take place in Sharm-el-Sheikh, Egypt from 6^th to 18^th November.
• This will be the fifth time a Climate Conference is being hosted in Africa.
• Governments of more than 200 countries have been invited to participate.
• COP27 will focus on three main areas, reducing emissions, helping countries to prepare and deal with climate change and securing technical support and funding for developing countries for climate activities.
• Some of the issues that were not fully resolved or taken up at the COP26 will also be taken up at this edition of the conference.
• The issues included providing money to help countries recover from the effects of climate change, establishing a global carbon market to price the effects of emissions into products and services globally, and strengthening the commitments to reduce coal use.
• There will also be days with specialized themes for focused talks and announcements on issues including gender, agriculture and biodiversity. 

Additional Information

• The United Nations Climate Change Conferences are yearly conferences held in the framework of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
• They serve as the formal meeting of the UNFCCC parties (Conference of the Parties, COP) to assess progress in dealing with climate change,
• The first UN Climate Change Conference was held in 1995 in Berlin.

 The correct answer is One Earth One Family One Future.Key PointsG20 Summit 2023:

• India will host the 2023 G20 summit for the first time in its history.
• G20 or Group of Twenty is an intergovernmental forum comprising 19 countries Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, the Republic of Korea, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Turkey, United Kingdom and the United States and the European Union.
• The G20 was founded in 1999 after the Asian financial crisis as a forum for Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors to discuss global economic and financial issues.
• The G20 Summit is held annually, under the leadership of a rotating Presidency.
• The theme of India’s G20 Presidency - “Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam” or “One Earth · One Family · One Future” - is drawn from the ancient Sanskrit text of the Maha Upanishad. 
• Bangladesh, Egypt, Mauritius, Netherlands, Nigeria, Oman, Singapore, Spain and UAE are countries invited as a special guests in the 2023 summit.
• India has also invited various important organisations like the UN, IMF, World Bank, WHO, WTO, etc.
• The G20 members represent around 85% of the global GDP, over 75% of the global trade, and about two-thirds of the world population. ​

Additional Information

• The theme of World Wetlands Day 2023 is “It’s Time for Wetlands Restoration,” which highlights the urgent need to prioritize wetland restoration.

The correct answer is United Kingdom.

• The Global Vaccine Summit was hosted by the United Kingdom (UK).

Key Points

• Almost 50 ​countries including the business leaders, UN agencies, civil society, government ministers, Heads of State, and country leaders participated in the Summit.
• The Summit was intended to urge nations around the world to pledge to fund vaccinations to protect the world from future outbreaks of infectious diseases.
• The Summit was aimed at raising USD 7.4 million to immunize further 300 million children in the world's poorest countries by 2025.

The correct answer is "The State of the World".

Key Points

• Prime Minister Narendra Modi addressed the World Economic Forum's (WEF) Davos Agenda virtual event on 17 Jan'22.
• The WEF is hosting the event on its website and social media channels from 17-21 January.
• The event is being convened on the theme of 'The State of the World'.
• The Davos Agenda 2022 will also mark the launch of several WEF initiatives to accelerate the race to net-zero emissions.

Additional Information

• PM Narendra Modi has been invited as the chief guest at the 54th convocation ceremony of the IIT Kanpur on 28th Dec 2021.
• Amid the Omicron scare, Prime Minister Narendra Modi has announced the Covid-19 vaccine for children and booster doses for Health workers and senior citizens in December 2021.
• Prime Minister Narendra Modi has laid the foundation stone of Ganga Expressway in Shahjahanpur, Uttar Pradesh in December 2021.
• In October 2021, Prime Minister Narendra Modi has launched the Indian Space Association (ISA).
• Prime Minister Narendra Modi has been named among the 100 most influential people of 2021 by Time Magazine.
• In August 2021, Narendra Modi has become the first Indian Prime Minister to chair an open debate at United Nations Security Council (UNSC).

The correct answer is Japan.

Key Points

• Prime Minister Narendra Modi is going to participate in the Quad Leaders' Summit in Tokyo on 24th May at the invitation of Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida.
• US President Joe Biden, Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison and Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida will participate in the summit.
• The Quad is a strategic security dialogue between Australia, India, Japan, and the USA.
• The current Prime Minister of Australia is Anthony Albanese. (2022)

Additional Information

• ​The Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (QSD), colloquially the Quad, is a strategic security dialogue between Australia, India, Japan, and the United States.
• The dialogue was initiated in 2007 by Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe.
• The dialogue was paralleled by joint military exercises titled Exercise Malabar.

The correct answer is RK Shanmukham Chetty.

• RK Shanmukham Chetty was the finance minister was India’s delegate to the World Monetary Conference at Bretton Woods in 1944.
• He was an Indian lawyer, economist and politician who served as independent India's first finance minister from 1947 to 1948. 

Key Points

• Bretton Woods Agreement:
  • It was an agreement negotiated in July 1944 by 730 delegates from 44 Nations at the United Monetary & Financial conference held in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire thus getting its name 'Bretton Woods Agreement'.
  • Under this system, Gold was the basis for the US Dollar and the currencies of other Nations were pegged to the US Dollar's value.
  • The agreement ceased to operate in 1970 when US President Richard M Nixon denounced that the US would no longer exchange gold monetary value for US Currency.
  • The principal goals of institutionalizing an efficient foreign exchange system, prevention of arbitrary devaluation of currencies, and promotion of International Economic Growth were central focus which led to the creation of 2 important organizations:
    • The International Monetary Fund(IMF).
    • The World Bank.
  • Post Bretton Wood agreement dissolution in the 1970s, the IMF & World Bank have still remained functional and pillars for the exchange of international currencies.
  • British Economist John Maynard Keynes and American Chief International Economist of the US Treasury Department Harry Dexter White were the designers of the Bretton Wood System which envisaged to establish a global central bank to ensure modest lending fund and a greater role for the US Dollar.
  • IMF monitors the exchange rates and identifies those Nations which require monetary support to balance their deficit financing.

The Correct Answer is Chile.

In News

• Chile becomes 95th member of International Solar Alliance ISA.

Key Points

• Chile has become the 95th member of the International Solar Alliance ISA.
• Chile handed over the Instrument of ISA ratification during the meeting of Ambassador Juan Angulo of Chile with Joint Secretary (Economic Diplomacy) in Ministry of External Affairs Abhishek Singh in New Delhi.
• The International Solar Alliance (ISA) is an alliance of more than 120 signatory countries,most being sunshine countries, which lie either completely or partly between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn.
• The primary objective of the alliance is to work for the efficient consumption of solar energy to reduce dependence on fossil fuels.
• This initiative was first proposed by Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi in a speech in November 2015 at Wembley Stadium (London HA9 0WS, United Kingdom), in which he referred to sunshine countries as Suryaputra ("Sons of the Sun").

The correct answer is ​Hyderabad.

Key Points

• The Ministry of Culture is organizing a first-of-its-kind, a global summit in Hyderabad on ‘Reimagining Museums in India’, on 15-16 February 2022.
• It will be inaugurated by Minister of Culture, Tourism and Development of Northeastern Region, G. Kishan Reddy.
• Participants from Australia UAE, UK, etc. will be a part of the summit.
• It is being organized under the aegis of Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsav.

Important Points

• The Global Summit will bring together leading luminaries, domain experts and practitioners in the field of museum development and management from India and around the world to discuss best practices and strategies.
• Over 25 museologists and museum professionals will delve into reimagined priorities and practices for Museums.
• An outcome of this knowledge sharing will include creation of a blueprint for development of new museums, nurture a renewal framework, and reinvigorate existing museums in India.
• The online summit will encompass four broad themes: Architecture and Functional Needs; Management; Collections (including Curation & Conservation practices); and, Education and Audience Engagement.

The Correct Answer is Kerala.

• A two day organized Global Investors Meet – ASCEND 2020 was held in Kochi, Kerala from January 9-10.
• ASCEND 2020 showcased 18 mega projects with over Rs 100 crore investment each.
• The meet was inaugurated by the Chief Minister of Kerala Shri Pinarayi Vijayan and was organized by states Department of Industries. 
• Chief Minister of Kerala- Pinarayi Vijayan.
• Governor of Kerala- Arif Mohammad Khan.