Knowledge Organisation & Processing - Cataloguing MCQ Quiz in বাংলা - Objective Question with Answer for Knowledge Organisation & Processing - Cataloguing - বিনামূল্যে ডাউনলোড করুন [PDF]

The correct answer is "Law of parsimony".

Key Points

• Law of parsimony-
  • ​The law directs that between two or more possible alternatives bearing on a particular phenomenon the one leading to the overall economy of manpower, material, money, and time, considered together with proper weightage, is to be preferred.
  • A faceted scheme consists of a set of schedules instead of a single schedule for all subjects in an enumerative classification. Our experience shows that the length of schedules gets reduced in the first one, thereby satisfying the law of parsimony.
  • Example: In case a collection is to be reclassified the law of parsimony would suggest that only that part of the collection be classified which is known to be in much use, and also those documents that are returned by the users after being taken out by them from the collection. 
• Law of impartiality-
  • The law directs that between two or more claimants (e.g, for the first position among two facets of a subject or the choice to be made among the needs of different categories of users) preference should be made only on sufficient grounds, and not arbitrarily.
  • Example: The law of impartiality insists that the sequence of facets in different subjects should not be determined in an arbitrary manner in each subject. The sequence should be based on some guiding principles of a general nature, equally applicable to all subjects. That is why Ranganathan has suggested the application of wall-picture principles for facet sequence.
• Law of interpretation-
  • ​Ranganathan refers to 1008 principles of interpretation, listed in the Nyaya-Kosa. These principles are applicable in interpreting legal texts. The canons, principles, postulates, and rules of classification taken together can be considered legal documents. Therefore, we should interpret various sections just like legal text. In case of a conflict, the conflict should be resolved with the aid of the laws of interpretation. If necessary, the rules, principles, and canons should also be modified to solve the conflicts. It has been suggested by Ranganathan that colon classification should be scrutinized from the angle of these laws. This will help in determining many of its weaknesses. CC could be revised to overcome these weaknesses. Similarly, the laws of interpretation can be applied in the study of other schemes also.
• Law of symmetry-
  • The law prescribes that of two entities or situations which admit to being regarded as symmetrical counterparts of each other, if one entity or situation is given weight in any particular context, the other entity or situation should also be given a corresponding weight.
  • Example: In CC, Ranganathan allocated greater ordinal value to Roman caps than Indo-Arabic numerals. Later Roman small letters were used to represent posteriorizing common isolates. These were given lesser ordinal values than Indo-Arabic numerals, which led to the satisfaction of the law of symmetry.

The correct answer is "BIHAR, EDUCATION (Ministry of...)".

Key Points

• Name rendering in CCC administrative department-
  • CCC Rule No. JC6 prescribes the use of word or word group denoting the sphere of work of the administrative organ to be used as an entry element and remaining words to be deemed as a secondary element as per Canons of Sought Heading and Recall Value.
  • The omission of the sphere of work is to be denoted by a dash
  • Example-
    • RAJASTHAN, FINANCE (Department of-)
    • India, Education (Ministry of-)
  • Thus CCC follows the Canon of Pre-potencies and the Canon of Recall Value.

The correct answer is "2010".

Key Points 

• RDA (Resource Description and Access) was published in  June 2010 as the successor to AACR-2R under the title 'RDA Toolkit as an online resource'.
• RDA was developed by RDA Steering Committee as part of the strategic plan (2005-2009) to replace AACR-2R.

Important Points 

• AACR-2R was first published in 1978.
• AACR-2R is into two parts;
  • Part-1 : Chapter 1to 13
    • The cover rule for the standard description of all kinds of materials.
    • Rule proceeds from General to Specific.
    Part 2: Chapters 21 to 26
    • To determine the access point or heading in the catalog uniform titles and references.
    • Rule proceeds from General to Specific.

Additional Information

RDA is designed for the digital library:

The correct answer is 8.

Key Points

 The main entry includes eight sections which are

1. Call Number Section
2. Heading Section
3. Title and Imprint Section
4. Physical Description and Series Note
5. Note Section
6. International Standard Book Number
7. Accession Number
8. Tracing

Additional Information

• The main entry is the complete catalogue record of an item, presented in the form by which the entry is to be uniformly identified and cited.
• The main entrance is the basic.
• Each document gets one entry. It is usually an author entry, with the sometimes little occupying heading of a main entry. 
• The last section may contain the tracings which indicate headings under which added entries have been prepared for a given document.
• The main entry includes four sections which are heading, title, imprint, and collation.

The Correct answer is 1979:

Key Points

• The CIP Advisory Group (CAG) was established in 1979 to serve as a consultative group for the CIP Program.
• CAG meets at ALA Annual and sometimes at ALA Midwinter. ​

Additional Information

• A Cataloging in Publication record (aka CIP data) is a bibliographic record prepared by the Library of Congress for a book that has not yet been published.
• The Cataloguing-in-Publication programme was started in 1971.
• The purpose of the Cataloging in Publication (CIP) Program is to serve the nation's libraries by cataloging books in advance of publication.

Confusion Points

• In 1999 Electronic CIP Programme (ECIP) was introduced resifting wide speed parternreships become a possibility.
• The British CIP programme began in 1975.
• Pre Natal cataloguing was used by Dr. S R Ranganathan

The correct answer is Canon of Ascertaniability.

Key Points

• Canon of Ascertainability:
  • ​Ascertainability means it is traceable. According to Ranganathan, the information provided in the entries of the catalog must be ascertainable and not imaginary.
  • This canon prescribes the use of the title page and overflow pages as the main source of cataloging information for the choice and rendering of the Heading of the main entry and specific added entries.
  • Classified Catalogue Code (CCC) fully regards the Canon of Ascertainability. 
  • AACR-2R also accepts this canon to a great extent. However, this canon is violated by some rules of AACR-2R i.e 21.1A2 Probable author, 22.2A Predominate name, etc

Additional Information

• Canon of Prepotence:
  • The potency to decide the position of an entry among the various entries in a catalog should if possible, be concentrated totally in the leading section, and even there, it should be concentrated, as much as possible, in the entry element. 
  • In CCCthis canon is fully respected.
• ​Canon of Sought Heading:
  • ​This canon prescribes „that the decision for choice and rendering of heading for the main entry and added entries should be based upon the possibilities of the users‟ approaches to the library catalog‟.
  • The purpose of this canon is to make all such entries that are likely to be demanded by the readers. 
• ​Canon of Permanence:
  • ​This Canon prescribes that „no element in an entry, the heading in particular, should be subjected to change by the rules of a catalog code except the rules themselves are changed in response to the Canon of Context‟.
  • The purpose of this canon is to achieve stability in the headings.

The correct answer is "Library of Congress".

Key Points

• Cataloguing in Publication-
  • In publishing and library science, Cataloging in Publication (CIP, or Cataloguing in Publication) is basic cataloging data for a work, prepared before publication by the national library of the country where the work is principally published or by the library of a publishing organization, such as a government department.
  • Ranganathan mooted the idea of cataloguing and classification of a book prior to its release by the publisher hence, he called the process `Pre-natal Cataloguing'.
  • In the United States, the Cataloging in Publication Program (CIP) was established by the Library of Congress in 1971 and has since developed in various ways.
  • There are three products of Cataloguing-in-Publication (CIP). Namely:
    • Record of CIP cataloguing data on MARC tape made available before the final cataloguing copy appeared on the MARC tape.
    • The LC cards were made available before the publication date of the book.
    • Cataloguing data printed in the book itself. 

Additional Information

• ​Pre-natal technical work-
  • Ranganathan suggested that Pre-natal technical work is to be undertaken by the National Central Library of each country for the "Pre-natal Cataloguing.
  • The publisher is obliged to send a copy of the form proof of the book to the National Central Library under a legal provision.
  • The National Central Library then prepares a master stencil of the catalogue cards for the book before its release.
  • The catalogue cards are later made available for distribution to various libraries which acquire the book.

The Correct Answer is Paris in 1961.

Key Points

• The International Conference on Cataloguing Principles (ICCP), was held in Paris in October 1961.
• It was under the auspices of the International Federation of Library Associations (IFLA)
• The Paris Principles (PP^]) also known as the Statement of Principles.
• The theoretical foundation for the creation of bibliographical cataloging rules for libraries
• The six-page script stipulated which function and structure library catalogs should have in the future.
• It was the first international agreement - delegations from 65 countries were involved.

The Correct answer is ​Subject.

Key Points

• An analytical entry pertains to a specific part of a work and may encompass an entire independent piece published within a collection.
• It serves the purpose of adequately describing portions of a document that may lack comprehensive coverage in the catalog entries for the work as a whole.
• Analytical entries extend to parts such as articles in periodicals, contributions to conference proceedings, and more, referencing the document in which they are included.
• According to AACR-1, an analytical entry constitutes an entry for a work or part of a work contained in a collection, series, or issue of a serial, where another comprehensive entry exists.
• These entries can either stand alone as separate, self-contained entries or be included as added entries within the cataloging of the larger work (AACR-1, p. 343).
• Types of Analytical Entries:
  • Author analytical entries
  • Title analytical entries
  • Subject analytical entries.
• In the context of the Classified Catalogue Code, Ranganathan uses the term Cross-Reference Entries to denote subject analytical entries.

Additional Information

• Main Entry of Classified Catalogue:
  • ​The main entry is the basic entry and it gives the maximum information about the bibliographical details of the document being cataloged.
  • CCC defines a main entry as a specific entry giving maximum information about the whole of a document. All the other entries-specific or general-relating to the document, are normally derived from the main entry
• Added Entries of Classified Catalogue’:
  • ​An added entry is a secondary entry other than the main entry.
  • CCC defines the added entry as an ‘Entry other than main entry’.
  • Types of Added Entries
    • In CCC following four types of added entries are prepared:
      • Cross Reference Entry
      • Class Index Entry
      • Book Index Entry
      • Cross Reference Index Entry
    • Book Index Entries are again divided into four types:
      • Author BIE
      • Collaborator BIE
      • Title BIE
      • Series BIE

The Correct answer is  ​Canon of Prepotence.

Key Points

• Canon of Prepotence:
  • Efforts should be made to centralize the determining factor for the placement of an entry within a catalog primarily in the leading section.
  • Within this leading section, the concentration of this factor, to the greatest extent possible, should be focused on the entry element.
  • If achieving the total concentration in the leading section is not feasible, it is advisable to permit the minimum acceptable potency to overflow into subsequent sections.
  • Furthermore, this overflow should be distributed in a descending order of intensity across those sections.

Additional Information

• Canon of Ascertainability -
  • Ascertainability means it is traceable, according to Ranganathan, the information provided in the entries of the catalog must be ascertainable and not imaginary.
  • This canon prescribes the use of the title page and overflow pages as the main source of cataloging information for the choice and rendering of the Heading of the main entry and specific added entries.
• Canon of Individualization: 
  • The Canon of Individualization dictates that when selecting a name for any entity, whether it's a person, place, organization, series, document, subject, or language, to serve as the heading of a catalog entry, it should be designed in a way that uniquely identifies and distinguishes that specific entity.
  • This can be achieved by incorporating the essential and adequate individualizing components.
• Canon of Sought Heading:
  • ​The Canon of Sought Heading establishes that the selection and presentation of headings for both the main entry and additional entries in a catalog should be determined by considering how users are likely to search for items in the library catalog.
  • In essence, no element in a catalog entry should be included if it doesn't serve a relevant purpose.
  • If there is no reasonable expectation that users, including both readers and library staff, will use a specific choice and presentation of a heading in their search, then that heading should not be employed.