Form, Structure, and Sense MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Form, Structure, and Sense - Download Free PDF

Last updated on Mar 10, 2025

Latest Form, Structure, and Sense MCQ Objective Questions

Form, Structure, and Sense Question 1:

The domestication of horses drastically changed human civilization, from agriculture to warfare. As horses became integral to transportation and labor, they also ______ societies to expand their trade networks and military capabilities. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

  1. enable
  2. enabled
  3. enabling
  4. to enable

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : enabling

Form, Structure, and Sense Question 1 Detailed Solution

Choice C is the best answer because 'enabling' forms a participial phrase that effectively supplements the main clause. Choice A is incorrect because 'enable' does not fit the past tense context. Choice B is incorrect because 'enabled' creates a fragmented construction. Choice D is incorrect because 'to enable' implies a purpose that is not indicated in the sentence.

Form, Structure, and Sense Question 2:

Renowned for her work in the field of computer science, Ada Lovelace was the first to recognize that computers had applications beyond mere calculation, which _______ her as the world's first computer programmer. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

  1. established
  2. establishing
  3. to establish
  4. establishes

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : established

Form, Structure, and Sense Question 2 Detailed Solution

Choice A is the best answer. The past tense verb 'established' correctly fits the relative clause that begins with 'which.' Choice B is incorrect because 'establishing' is a present participle and does not provide a finite verb for the clause. Choice C is incorrect because 'to establish' is an infinitive and does not suit the relative clause structure. Choice D is incorrect because 'establishes' is in the present tense, which is inappropriate for the historical context of the sentence.

Form, Structure, and Sense Question 3:

Mark Twain, a renowned American writer and humorist, is best known for his novels 'The Adventures of Tom Sawyer' and 'Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.' Twain's works often featured vivid characters and an engaging narrative style that captured the imagination of readers worldwide. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

  1. narrative style, that
  2. narrative style: that
  3. narrative style; that
  4. narrative style that

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : narrative style that

Form, Structure, and Sense Question 3 Detailed Solution

Choice D is the best answer. Removing the comma allows the sentence to flow correctly and connect 'narrative style' with 'that,' ensuring the clause describes Twain's works effectively. Choice A is incorrect because the comma unnecessarily separates 'narrative style' from 'that,' which disrupts the sentence flow. Choice B is incorrect because a colon is not used to introduce a relative clause. Choice C is incorrect because a semicolon is too strong a separation for this context.

Form, Structure, and Sense Question 4:

In 1963, Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his famous 'I Have a Dream' speech during the March on Washington. His powerful words ______ a significant impact on the civil rights movement and inspired millions.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

  1. have
  2. are having
  3. will have
  4. had

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : had

Form, Structure, and Sense Question 4 Detailed Solution

Choice D is the best answer. 'Had' is the past tense, which aligns with the historical context of the speech delivered in 1963. Choice A is incorrect because 'have' is present tense and does not fit the historical context. Choice B is incorrect because 'are having' is present progressive tense, which is inappropriate for describing a past event. Choice C is incorrect because 'will have' is future tense, which does not fit the context of an event that has already occurred.

Form, Structure, and Sense Question 5:

Charles Darwin's publication of 'On the Origin of Species' in 1859 fundamentally changed the scientific community's understanding of evolution. Darwin's theories ______ wide acceptance and sparked extensive debates.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

  1. has gained
  2. are gaining
  3. will gain
  4. gained

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : gained

Form, Structure, and Sense Question 5 Detailed Solution

Choice D is the best answer. 'Gained' is the simple past tense, which fits the historical context of the publication in 1859. Choice A is incorrect because 'has gained' implies ongoing relevance, which is not the focus here. Choice B is incorrect because 'are gaining' is present progressive tense, which does not fit the historical context. Choice C is incorrect because 'will gain' is future tense, which is not appropriate for an event that has already occurred.

Top Form, Structure, and Sense MCQ Objective Questions

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? Dr. Rocío Paola Caballero-Gill is a paleoceanographer. This means that Dr. Caballero-Gill doesn't just study oceans as they are today. She uses chemistry and fossil evidence ______blank oceans as they were in the past.

  1. has studied
  2. to study
  3. studied
  4. studies

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : to study

Form, Structure, and Sense Question 6 Detailed Solution

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Choice B is the best answer. The convention being tested is the use of verb forms within a sentence. The nonfinite to-infinitive verb 'to study' is correctly used to form a subordinate clause that indicates what Dr. Caballero-Gill uses chemistry and fossil evidence for (to study oceans as they were in the past). Choice A is incorrect because it results in an ungrammatical sentence. The finite verb 'has studied' can't be used in this way to form a subordinate clause that indicates what Dr. Caballero-Gill uses the evidence for. Choice C is incorrect because it results in an ungrammatical sentence. The finite verb 'studied' can't be used in this way to form a subordinate clause that indicates what Dr. Caballero-Gill uses the evidence for. Choice D is incorrect because it results in an ungrammatical sentence. The finite verb 'studies' can't be used in this way to form a subordinate clause that indicates what Dr. Caballero-Gill uses the evidence for.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? After winning the 1860 presidential election, Abraham Lincoln appointed Edward Bates, Salmon P. Chase, and William H. Seward to his cabinet. Lincoln's decision was surprising, since each of these men had run against him, but historians have praised it, noting that Lincoln ______blank his rivals' diverse talents to strengthen his administration.

  1. has leveraged
  2. is leveraging
  3. will leverage
  4. leveraged

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : leveraged

Form, Structure, and Sense Question 7 Detailed Solution

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Choice D is the best answer. The subject of the verb is 'Lincoln,' and the first sentence tells us that we're talking about something that Abraham Lincoln did in 1860. So the simple past tense 'leveraged' fits the logic of the text. Choice A is incorrect. This choice creates a tense issue. 'Has leveraged' is the present perfect tense, which is used for an action that began in the past and continues into the present. Lincoln started leveraging his rivals' talents in 1860-it's definitely not still happening today. So the present perfect tense isn't appropriate. Choice B is incorrect. This choice creates a tense issue. 'Is leveraging' is the present tense, but Lincoln leveraged his rivals' talents in 1860, so the present tense isn't appropriate. Choice C is incorrect. This choice creates a tense issue. 'Will leverage' is the future tense, but Lincoln leveraged his rivals' talents in 1860, so the future tense isn't appropriate.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? With its towering, six-spired exterior of granitelike quartz monzonite, the Salt Lake Temple is one of the most instantly recognizable structures in the state of Utah. However, many people do not know that ______blank built over the course of forty years, with construction beginning in 1853 and ending in 1893.

  1. it was
  2. one was
  3. they were
  4. both were

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : it was

Form, Structure, and Sense Question 8 Detailed Solution

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Choice A is the best answer. The convention being tested is pronoun-antecedent agreement. The singular pronoun "it" agrees in number with the singular antecedent "the Salt Lake Temple."Choice B is incorrect because the singular pronoun "one" is ambiguous in this context; the resulting sentence leaves unclear whether there is only one Salt Lake temple or multiple. Choice C is incorrect because the plural pronoun "they" doesn't agree in number with the singular antecedent "the Salt Lake Temple." Choice D is incorrect because the plural pronoun "both" doesn't agree in number with the singular antecedent "the Salt Lake Temple."

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? Because a cycle of lunar phases ______blank 29.5 days to complete, it's possible to observe two full moons in a single month, one at the beginning and one at the end.

  1. are taking
  2. have taken
  3. take
  4. takes

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : takes

Form, Structure, and Sense Question 9 Detailed Solution

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Choice D is the best answer. The convention being tested is subject-verb agreement. The singular verb "takes" agrees in number with the singular subject "a cycle of lunar phases."Choice A is incorrect because the plural verb "are taking" doesn't agree in number with the singular subject "a cycle of lunar phases." Choice B is incorrect because the plural verb "have taken" doesn't agree in number with the singular subject "a cycle of lunar phases." Choice C is incorrect because the plural verb "take" doesn't agree in number with the singular subject "a cycle of lunar phases."

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? The alga species Chlorella vulgaris is very efficient at making oxygen. For this reason, scientists are currently exploring ways to use this species in space. C. vulgaris might be used, for example, to build future biological air exchange systems that ______blank oxygen for astronauts.

  1. are producing
  2. produced
  3. produce
  4. have produced

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : produce

Form, Structure, and Sense Question 10 Detailed Solution

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Choice C is the best answer. The convention being tested is the use of verbs to express tense. Simple present tense verbs can be used to describe actions that tend to occur, including in a hypothetical or future scenario. In this case, the simple present tense verb 'produce' indicates what the air exchange systems might be able to do in the future (produce oxygen for astronauts). Choice A is incorrect. The present progressive tense verb 'are producing' suggests that the oxygen is currently being produced, not that it might be produced in the future. Choice B is incorrect because the past tense verb 'produced' suggests that the oxygen was produced in the past, not that it might be produced in the future. Choice D is incorrect because the present perfect tense verb 'have produced' suggests that the oxygen has been produced from a point in the past up to the present, not that it might be produced in the future.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? In 1881, French chemist Camille Faure redesigned the rechargeable lead-acid battery. Faure's design greatly increased the amount of electricity that the original battery, which the French physicist Gaston Planté ______blank fifteen years earlier, could hold.

  1. is inventing
  2. will invent
  3. invents
  4. had invented

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : had invented

Form, Structure, and Sense Question 11 Detailed Solution

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Choice D is the best answer. Faure redesigned the battery in 1881, and the original battery was invented 'fifteen years earlier.' Notice that this is the only choice in the past tense. To indicate that a past occurrence took place before another past occurrence, we need to use 'had' + the past tense form of the verb. This is called the 'past perfect' tense. Choice A is incorrect. This choice creates a tense error. Planté invented the original battery in the past, so we shouldn't use the present tense 'is inventing.' Choice B is incorrect. This choice creates a tense error. Planté invented the original battery in the past, so we shouldn't use the future tense 'will invent.' Choice C is incorrect. This choice creates a tense error. Planté invented the original battery in the past, so we shouldn't use the present tense 'invents.'

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? For thousands of years, people in the Americas ______blank the bottle gourd, a large bitter fruit with a thick rind, to make bottles, other types of containers, and even musical instruments. Oddly, there is no evidence that any type of bottle gourd is native to the Western Hemisphere; either the fruit or its seeds must have somehow been carried from Asia or Africa.

  1. to use
  2. have used
  3. having used
  4. using

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : have used

Form, Structure, and Sense Question 12 Detailed Solution

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Choice B is the best answer. The convention being tested is finite and nonfinite verb forms within a sentence. A main clause requires a finite verb to perform the action of the subject (in this case, 'people in the Americas'), and this choice supplies the finite past perfect tense verb 'have used' to indicate what people in the Americas used the gourd for. Choice A is incorrect because the nonfinite to-infinitive 'to use' doesn't supply the main clause with a finite verb. Choice C is incorrect because the nonfinite participle 'having used' doesn't supply the main clause with a finite verb. Choice D is incorrect because the nonfinite participle 'using' doesn't supply the main clause with a finite verb.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? A model created by biologist Luis Valente predicts that the rate of speciation-the rate at which new species form-on an isolated island located approximately 5,000 kilometers from the nearest mainland ______blank triple the rate of speciation on an island only 500 kilometers from the mainland.

  1. being
  2. to be
  3. to have been
  4. will be

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : will be

Form, Structure, and Sense Question 13 Detailed Solution

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Choice D is the best answer. The convention being tested is finite and nonfinite verb forms within a sentence. Relative clauses, such as the one beginning with 'that,' require a finite verb, a verb that can function as the main verb of a clause. This choice correctly supplies the clause with the finite future tense verb 'will be.' Choice A is incorrect because the nonfinite participle 'being' doesn't supply the clause with a finite verb. Choice B is incorrect because the nonfinite to-infinitive 'to be' doesn't supply the clause with a finite verb. Choice C is incorrect because the nonfinite to-infinitive 'to have been' doesn't supply the clause with a finite verb.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? In 1990, California native and researcher Ellen Ochoa left her position as chief of the Intelligent Systems Technology Branch at a NASA research center ______blank the space agency's astronaut training program.

  1. to join
  2. is joining
  3. joined
  4. joins

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : to join

Form, Structure, and Sense Question 14 Detailed Solution

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Choice A is the best answer. The convention being tested is the use of nonfinite verb forms in a sentence. The nonfinite to-infinitive verb "to join" is correctly used to form a subordinate clause that expresses why Ochoa left her position (to join the training program).Choice B is incorrect because the finite verb "is joining" can't be used in this way to indicate Ochoa's action of joining the training program. A conjunction such as "and" would be needed to coordinate "is joining" with the previous finite verb, "left." Choice C is incorrect because the finite verb "joined" can't be used in this way to indicate Ochoa's action of joining the training program. A conjunction such as "and" would be needed to coordinate "joined" with the previous finite verb, "left." Choice D is incorrect because the finite verb "joins" can't be used in this way to indicate Ochoa's action of joining the training program. A conjunction such as "and" would be needed to coordinate "joins" with the previous finite verb, "left."

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? Why are Rome's famous concrete structures, such as the Colosseum, still standing after 2,000-plus years, when modern concrete may not even last for fifty? Scientists ______blank that the secret to Roman concrete's durability was its unique blend of ingredients, which included volcanic ash and seawater.

  1. explain
  2. having explained
  3. explaining
  4. to explain

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : explain

Form, Structure, and Sense Question 15 Detailed Solution

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Choice A is the best answer. The convention being tested is the use of verb forms within a sentence. The main clause of a sentence requires a finite (tensed) verb, and this choice supplies the finite present tense verb 'explain' to indicate what the scientists do. Choice B is incorrect because it results in an ungrammatical sentence. The nonfinite participle 'having explained' doesn't supply the main clause with a finite verb. Choice C is incorrect because it results in an ungrammatical sentence. The nonfinite participle 'explaining' doesn't supply the main clause with a finite verb. Choice D is incorrect because it results in an ungrammatical sentence. The nonfinite to-infinitive 'to explain' doesn't supply the main clause with a finite verb.
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