Human Eye and Its Defects MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Human Eye and Its Defects - Download Free PDF

Last updated on May 7, 2025

Latest Human Eye and Its Defects MCQ Objective Questions

Human Eye and Its Defects Question 1:

Which defect of vision occurs due to the weakening of ciliary muscles with age?

  1. Astigmatism
  2. Hypermetropia
  3. Myopia
  4. Presbyopia

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Presbyopia

Human Eye and Its Defects Question 1 Detailed Solution

The Correct answer is Presbyopia

Key Points

  • Presbyopia is a defect of vision that typically occurs with age, especially after the age of 40.
  • This condition is caused by the weakening of the ciliary muscles, which are responsible for changing the shape of the eye's lens to focus on objects at different distances.
  • As the ciliary muscles become less flexible with age, the ability to focus on nearby objects diminishes, causing difficulty in reading and performing close-up tasks.
  • Presbyopia is often corrected with reading glasses or bifocal lenses, which help improve near vision.
  • Unlike other refractive errors, presbyopia is a natural part of the aging process and is not caused by external factors like injury or disease.

 Additional Information

  • Astigmatism
    • Astigmatism is a refractive error where the cornea or lens is irregularly shaped, causing blurry vision at all distances.
    • This condition is typically corrected using glasses or contact lenses that compensate for the irregular curvature.
    • Unlike presbyopia, astigmatism can affect individuals at any age, and it is not related to aging.
  • Hypermetropia (Farsightedness)
    • Hypermetropia is a condition where distant objects are seen more clearly than nearby objects.
    • This occurs when the eye is too short, or the cornea has too little curvature, causing light to focus behind the retina.
    • Hypermetropia can be corrected with glasses or contact lenses that focus light onto the retina.
  • Myopia (Nearsightedness)
    • Myopia is a condition where nearby objects are seen clearly, but distant objects appear blurry.
    • This occurs when the eye is too long, or the cornea has too much curvature, causing light to focus in front of the retina.
    • Myopia is typically corrected with glasses or contact lenses that adjust the focal point to the retina.

Human Eye and Its Defects Question 2:

Which defect of vision occurs due to the weakening of ciliary muscles with age?

  1. Myopia 
  2. Hypermetropia
  3. Astigmatism
  4. Presbyopia

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Presbyopia

Human Eye and Its Defects Question 2 Detailed Solution

The correct answer is Presbyopia.

Key Points

  • Presbyopia is a common age-related vision defect caused by the weakening of ciliary muscles and loss of elasticity in the eye's lens.
  • It typically occurs after the age of 40 years and progressively worsens with age.
  • This condition results in difficulty focusing on nearby objects, often requiring reading glasses or bifocals for correction.
  • Presbyopia is a natural part of the aging process and cannot be prevented, but it can be effectively managed with corrective lenses or surgical options.
  • Unlike other refractive errors, Presbyopia is not caused by the shape of the cornea or the eyeball, but by age-induced changes in the eye's focusing ability.

Additional Information

  • Myopia (Nearsightedness)
    • It is a refractive error where distant objects appear blurry, caused by the elongation of the eyeball or excessive curvature of the cornea.
    • It is corrected using concave lenses or refractive surgeries like LASIK.
  • Hypermetropia (Farsightedness)
    • A condition where close objects appear blurry due to the eyeball being too short or the cornea being too flat.
    • It is corrected using convex lenses or surgical options like lens replacement.
  • Astigmatism
    • It occurs due to an irregularly shaped cornea or lens, causing blurred or distorted vision.
    • This condition can affect both near and far vision and is corrected using cylindrical lenses.
  • Accommodation of the Eye
    • The process by which the eye's lens changes shape to focus on objects at varying distances.
    • Presbyopia occurs when the lens loses this flexibility with age, leading to difficulty in near vision.

Human Eye and Its Defects Question 3:

Which part of the eye regulates and control the amount of light entering the human eye?

  1. Retina
  2. Cornea
  3. Iris
  4. Pupil

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : Iris

Human Eye and Its Defects Question 3 Detailed Solution

The correct answer is Iris.

Key Points

  • The iris is a thin, circular structure in the eye responsible for controlling the diameter and size of the pupil.
  • It regulates the amount of light entering the eye by adjusting the pupil size, which is essential for optimal vision.
  • The iris contains muscles that contract and expand to adjust the pupil size in response to varying light conditions.
  • The color of the iris is what gives the eye its color, varying from blue, green, brown, etc.
  • The process by which the iris adjusts the pupil size is known as the pupillary light reflex.

Additional Information

  • Retina
    • The retina is the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye that converts light into electrical signals.
    • It contains photoreceptor cells called rods and cones that detect light intensity and color.
    • The retina plays a crucial role in forming visual images and transmitting them to the brain via the optic nerve.
  • Cornea
    • The cornea is the transparent, dome-shaped front layer of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber.
    • It plays a key role in focusing light onto the retina, contributing to the eye's overall refractive power.
    • The cornea is avascular, meaning it has no blood vessels, and receives nutrients from tears and aqueous humor.
  • Pupil
    • The pupil is the black circular opening in the center of the iris that allows light to enter the eye.
    • Its size is regulated by the iris muscles, contracting in bright light and dilating in low light to control light intake.
    • The pupil's adjustment is an essential part of the eye's response to different lighting conditions.

Human Eye and Its Defects Question 4:

Which kind of lens can correct the defective vision in the given figure?

Defective vision

qImage67a745ee897653bdb91a3deb

Corrective lens

qImage67a745ef897653bdb91a3df9

  1. Lens type a
  2. Lens type c
  3. Lens type b
  4. Lens type d

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Lens type d

Human Eye and Its Defects Question 4 Detailed Solution

The correct answer is Lens type d.

Key Points

  • A concave lens (Lens type d) is used to correct myopia (nearsightedness).
  • Myopia occurs when the eye is too long or the cornea is too curved, causing light rays to focus in front of the retina.
  • A concave lens diverges light rays before they enter the eye, allowing them to focus directly on the retina.
  • Concave lenses are thinner at the center and thicker at the edges.
  • This type of lens is prescribed based on the degree of myopia, measured in diopters.

Additional Information

  • Hyperopia (Farsightedness)
    • Occurs when the eye is too short or the cornea has too little curvature.
    • Light rays focus behind the retina, making nearby objects appear blurry.
    • A convex lens is used to correct hyperopia by converging light rays before they enter the eye.
  • Astigmatism
    • Caused by an irregular curvature of the cornea or lens.
    • Leads to distorted or blurred vision at all distances.
    • Cylindrical lenses are used to correct astigmatism, specifically tailored to the irregular curvature.
  • Presbyopia
    • Age-related condition where the eye's lens loses elasticity.
    • Difficulty in focusing on close objects, common in people over 40.
    • Corrected with bifocal or progressive lenses.

Human Eye and Its Defects Question 5:

In eyes, the light-sensitive cells get activated upon illumination and generate electrical signals which are sent to the brain via _______.

  1. Vitreous humour
  2. Ciliary muscles
  3. Optic nerve
  4. Aqueous humour

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : Optic nerve

Human Eye and Its Defects Question 5 Detailed Solution

The correct answer is Optic nerve.

Key Points

  • The optic nerve is responsible for transmitting visual information from the retina to the brain.
  • The retina contains light-sensitive cells called photoreceptors, which include rods and cones.
  • Upon illumination, these photoreceptors generate electrical signals.
  • These electrical signals are then transmitted via the optic nerve to the visual cortex of the brain for image processing.

Additional Information

  • Vitreous Humour:
    • A clear gel that fills the space between the lens and the retina in the eye.
    • Helps maintain the eye's shape and allows light to pass through to the retina.
  • Ciliary Muscles:
    • Muscles in the eye that control the shape of the lens for focusing.
    • Play a crucial role in the process of accommodation, adjusting the lens to see objects at various distances.
  • Optic Nerve:
    • A bundle of more than 1 million nerve fibers that carry visual messages.
    • Essential for vision, as it transmits electrical impulses from the retina to the brain.
  • Aqueous Humour:
    • A clear fluid that fills the space between the cornea and the lens.
    • Provides nutrients and maintains intraocular pressure.

Top Human Eye and Its Defects MCQ Objective Questions

Which part of the eye regulates and control the amount of light entering the human eye?

  1. Retina
  2. Cornea
  3. Iris
  4. Pupil

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : Iris

Human Eye and Its Defects Question 6 Detailed Solution

Download Solution PDF

The correct answer is Iris.

Key Points

  • The iris is a thin, circular structure in the eye responsible for controlling the diameter and size of the pupil.
  • It regulates the amount of light entering the eye by adjusting the pupil size, which is essential for optimal vision.
  • The iris contains muscles that contract and expand to adjust the pupil size in response to varying light conditions.
  • The color of the iris is what gives the eye its color, varying from blue, green, brown, etc.
  • The process by which the iris adjusts the pupil size is known as the pupillary light reflex.

Additional Information

  • Retina
    • The retina is the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye that converts light into electrical signals.
    • It contains photoreceptor cells called rods and cones that detect light intensity and color.
    • The retina plays a crucial role in forming visual images and transmitting them to the brain via the optic nerve.
  • Cornea
    • The cornea is the transparent, dome-shaped front layer of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber.
    • It plays a key role in focusing light onto the retina, contributing to the eye's overall refractive power.
    • The cornea is avascular, meaning it has no blood vessels, and receives nutrients from tears and aqueous humor.
  • Pupil
    • The pupil is the black circular opening in the center of the iris that allows light to enter the eye.
    • Its size is regulated by the iris muscles, contracting in bright light and dilating in low light to control light intake.
    • The pupil's adjustment is an essential part of the eye's response to different lighting conditions.

Which defect of vision occurs due to the weakening of ciliary muscles with age?

  1. Astigmatism
  2. Hypermetropia
  3. Myopia
  4. Presbyopia

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Presbyopia

Human Eye and Its Defects Question 7 Detailed Solution

Download Solution PDF

The Correct answer is Presbyopia

Key Points

  • Presbyopia is a defect of vision that typically occurs with age, especially after the age of 40.
  • This condition is caused by the weakening of the ciliary muscles, which are responsible for changing the shape of the eye's lens to focus on objects at different distances.
  • As the ciliary muscles become less flexible with age, the ability to focus on nearby objects diminishes, causing difficulty in reading and performing close-up tasks.
  • Presbyopia is often corrected with reading glasses or bifocal lenses, which help improve near vision.
  • Unlike other refractive errors, presbyopia is a natural part of the aging process and is not caused by external factors like injury or disease.

 Additional Information

  • Astigmatism
    • Astigmatism is a refractive error where the cornea or lens is irregularly shaped, causing blurry vision at all distances.
    • This condition is typically corrected using glasses or contact lenses that compensate for the irregular curvature.
    • Unlike presbyopia, astigmatism can affect individuals at any age, and it is not related to aging.
  • Hypermetropia (Farsightedness)
    • Hypermetropia is a condition where distant objects are seen more clearly than nearby objects.
    • This occurs when the eye is too short, or the cornea has too little curvature, causing light to focus behind the retina.
    • Hypermetropia can be corrected with glasses or contact lenses that focus light onto the retina.
  • Myopia (Nearsightedness)
    • Myopia is a condition where nearby objects are seen clearly, but distant objects appear blurry.
    • This occurs when the eye is too long, or the cornea has too much curvature, causing light to focus in front of the retina.
    • Myopia is typically corrected with glasses or contact lenses that adjust the focal point to the retina.

Which defect of vision occurs due to the weakening of ciliary muscles with age?

  1. Myopia 
  2. Hypermetropia
  3. Astigmatism
  4. Presbyopia

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Presbyopia

Human Eye and Its Defects Question 8 Detailed Solution

Download Solution PDF

The correct answer is Presbyopia.

Key Points

  • Presbyopia is a common age-related vision defect caused by the weakening of ciliary muscles and loss of elasticity in the eye's lens.
  • It typically occurs after the age of 40 years and progressively worsens with age.
  • This condition results in difficulty focusing on nearby objects, often requiring reading glasses or bifocals for correction.
  • Presbyopia is a natural part of the aging process and cannot be prevented, but it can be effectively managed with corrective lenses or surgical options.
  • Unlike other refractive errors, Presbyopia is not caused by the shape of the cornea or the eyeball, but by age-induced changes in the eye's focusing ability.

Additional Information

  • Myopia (Nearsightedness)
    • It is a refractive error where distant objects appear blurry, caused by the elongation of the eyeball or excessive curvature of the cornea.
    • It is corrected using concave lenses or refractive surgeries like LASIK.
  • Hypermetropia (Farsightedness)
    • A condition where close objects appear blurry due to the eyeball being too short or the cornea being too flat.
    • It is corrected using convex lenses or surgical options like lens replacement.
  • Astigmatism
    • It occurs due to an irregularly shaped cornea or lens, causing blurred or distorted vision.
    • This condition can affect both near and far vision and is corrected using cylindrical lenses.
  • Accommodation of the Eye
    • The process by which the eye's lens changes shape to focus on objects at varying distances.
    • Presbyopia occurs when the lens loses this flexibility with age, leading to difficulty in near vision.

Which kind of lens can correct the defective vision in the given figure?

Defective vision

qImage67a745ee897653bdb91a3deb

Corrective lens

qImage67a745ef897653bdb91a3df9

  1. Lens type a
  2. Lens type c
  3. Lens type b
  4. Lens type d

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Lens type d

Human Eye and Its Defects Question 9 Detailed Solution

Download Solution PDF

The correct answer is Lens type d.

Key Points

  • A concave lens (Lens type d) is used to correct myopia (nearsightedness).
  • Myopia occurs when the eye is too long or the cornea is too curved, causing light rays to focus in front of the retina.
  • A concave lens diverges light rays before they enter the eye, allowing them to focus directly on the retina.
  • Concave lenses are thinner at the center and thicker at the edges.
  • This type of lens is prescribed based on the degree of myopia, measured in diopters.

Additional Information

  • Hyperopia (Farsightedness)
    • Occurs when the eye is too short or the cornea has too little curvature.
    • Light rays focus behind the retina, making nearby objects appear blurry.
    • A convex lens is used to correct hyperopia by converging light rays before they enter the eye.
  • Astigmatism
    • Caused by an irregular curvature of the cornea or lens.
    • Leads to distorted or blurred vision at all distances.
    • Cylindrical lenses are used to correct astigmatism, specifically tailored to the irregular curvature.
  • Presbyopia
    • Age-related condition where the eye's lens loses elasticity.
    • Difficulty in focusing on close objects, common in people over 40.
    • Corrected with bifocal or progressive lenses.

Human Eye and Its Defects Question 10:

Which part of the eye regulates and control the amount of light entering the human eye?

  1. Retina
  2. Cornea
  3. Iris
  4. Pupil

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : Iris

Human Eye and Its Defects Question 10 Detailed Solution

The correct answer is Iris.

Key Points

  • The iris is a thin, circular structure in the eye responsible for controlling the diameter and size of the pupil.
  • It regulates the amount of light entering the eye by adjusting the pupil size, which is essential for optimal vision.
  • The iris contains muscles that contract and expand to adjust the pupil size in response to varying light conditions.
  • The color of the iris is what gives the eye its color, varying from blue, green, brown, etc.
  • The process by which the iris adjusts the pupil size is known as the pupillary light reflex.

Additional Information

  • Retina
    • The retina is the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye that converts light into electrical signals.
    • It contains photoreceptor cells called rods and cones that detect light intensity and color.
    • The retina plays a crucial role in forming visual images and transmitting them to the brain via the optic nerve.
  • Cornea
    • The cornea is the transparent, dome-shaped front layer of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber.
    • It plays a key role in focusing light onto the retina, contributing to the eye's overall refractive power.
    • The cornea is avascular, meaning it has no blood vessels, and receives nutrients from tears and aqueous humor.
  • Pupil
    • The pupil is the black circular opening in the center of the iris that allows light to enter the eye.
    • Its size is regulated by the iris muscles, contracting in bright light and dilating in low light to control light intake.
    • The pupil's adjustment is an essential part of the eye's response to different lighting conditions.

Human Eye and Its Defects Question 11:

Which defect of vision occurs due to the weakening of ciliary muscles with age?

  1. Astigmatism
  2. Hypermetropia
  3. Myopia
  4. Presbyopia

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Presbyopia

Human Eye and Its Defects Question 11 Detailed Solution

The Correct answer is Presbyopia

Key Points

  • Presbyopia is a defect of vision that typically occurs with age, especially after the age of 40.
  • This condition is caused by the weakening of the ciliary muscles, which are responsible for changing the shape of the eye's lens to focus on objects at different distances.
  • As the ciliary muscles become less flexible with age, the ability to focus on nearby objects diminishes, causing difficulty in reading and performing close-up tasks.
  • Presbyopia is often corrected with reading glasses or bifocal lenses, which help improve near vision.
  • Unlike other refractive errors, presbyopia is a natural part of the aging process and is not caused by external factors like injury or disease.

 Additional Information

  • Astigmatism
    • Astigmatism is a refractive error where the cornea or lens is irregularly shaped, causing blurry vision at all distances.
    • This condition is typically corrected using glasses or contact lenses that compensate for the irregular curvature.
    • Unlike presbyopia, astigmatism can affect individuals at any age, and it is not related to aging.
  • Hypermetropia (Farsightedness)
    • Hypermetropia is a condition where distant objects are seen more clearly than nearby objects.
    • This occurs when the eye is too short, or the cornea has too little curvature, causing light to focus behind the retina.
    • Hypermetropia can be corrected with glasses or contact lenses that focus light onto the retina.
  • Myopia (Nearsightedness)
    • Myopia is a condition where nearby objects are seen clearly, but distant objects appear blurry.
    • This occurs when the eye is too long, or the cornea has too much curvature, causing light to focus in front of the retina.
    • Myopia is typically corrected with glasses or contact lenses that adjust the focal point to the retina.

Human Eye and Its Defects Question 12:

Which defect of vision occurs due to the weakening of ciliary muscles with age?

  1. Myopia 
  2. Hypermetropia
  3. Astigmatism
  4. Presbyopia

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Presbyopia

Human Eye and Its Defects Question 12 Detailed Solution

The correct answer is Presbyopia.

Key Points

  • Presbyopia is a common age-related vision defect caused by the weakening of ciliary muscles and loss of elasticity in the eye's lens.
  • It typically occurs after the age of 40 years and progressively worsens with age.
  • This condition results in difficulty focusing on nearby objects, often requiring reading glasses or bifocals for correction.
  • Presbyopia is a natural part of the aging process and cannot be prevented, but it can be effectively managed with corrective lenses or surgical options.
  • Unlike other refractive errors, Presbyopia is not caused by the shape of the cornea or the eyeball, but by age-induced changes in the eye's focusing ability.

Additional Information

  • Myopia (Nearsightedness)
    • It is a refractive error where distant objects appear blurry, caused by the elongation of the eyeball or excessive curvature of the cornea.
    • It is corrected using concave lenses or refractive surgeries like LASIK.
  • Hypermetropia (Farsightedness)
    • A condition where close objects appear blurry due to the eyeball being too short or the cornea being too flat.
    • It is corrected using convex lenses or surgical options like lens replacement.
  • Astigmatism
    • It occurs due to an irregularly shaped cornea or lens, causing blurred or distorted vision.
    • This condition can affect both near and far vision and is corrected using cylindrical lenses.
  • Accommodation of the Eye
    • The process by which the eye's lens changes shape to focus on objects at varying distances.
    • Presbyopia occurs when the lens loses this flexibility with age, leading to difficulty in near vision.

Human Eye and Its Defects Question 13:

Which kind of lens can correct the defective vision in the given figure?

Defective vision

qImage67a745ee897653bdb91a3deb

Corrective lens

qImage67a745ef897653bdb91a3df9

  1. Lens type a
  2. Lens type c
  3. Lens type b
  4. Lens type d

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Lens type d

Human Eye and Its Defects Question 13 Detailed Solution

The correct answer is Lens type d.

Key Points

  • A concave lens (Lens type d) is used to correct myopia (nearsightedness).
  • Myopia occurs when the eye is too long or the cornea is too curved, causing light rays to focus in front of the retina.
  • A concave lens diverges light rays before they enter the eye, allowing them to focus directly on the retina.
  • Concave lenses are thinner at the center and thicker at the edges.
  • This type of lens is prescribed based on the degree of myopia, measured in diopters.

Additional Information

  • Hyperopia (Farsightedness)
    • Occurs when the eye is too short or the cornea has too little curvature.
    • Light rays focus behind the retina, making nearby objects appear blurry.
    • A convex lens is used to correct hyperopia by converging light rays before they enter the eye.
  • Astigmatism
    • Caused by an irregular curvature of the cornea or lens.
    • Leads to distorted or blurred vision at all distances.
    • Cylindrical lenses are used to correct astigmatism, specifically tailored to the irregular curvature.
  • Presbyopia
    • Age-related condition where the eye's lens loses elasticity.
    • Difficulty in focusing on close objects, common in people over 40.
    • Corrected with bifocal or progressive lenses.

Human Eye and Its Defects Question 14:

In eyes, the light-sensitive cells get activated upon illumination and generate electrical signals which are sent to the brain via _______.

  1. Vitreous humour
  2. Ciliary muscles
  3. Optic nerve
  4. Aqueous humour

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : Optic nerve

Human Eye and Its Defects Question 14 Detailed Solution

The correct answer is Optic nerve.

Key Points

  • The optic nerve is responsible for transmitting visual information from the retina to the brain.
  • The retina contains light-sensitive cells called photoreceptors, which include rods and cones.
  • Upon illumination, these photoreceptors generate electrical signals.
  • These electrical signals are then transmitted via the optic nerve to the visual cortex of the brain for image processing.

Additional Information

  • Vitreous Humour:
    • A clear gel that fills the space between the lens and the retina in the eye.
    • Helps maintain the eye's shape and allows light to pass through to the retina.
  • Ciliary Muscles:
    • Muscles in the eye that control the shape of the lens for focusing.
    • Play a crucial role in the process of accommodation, adjusting the lens to see objects at various distances.
  • Optic Nerve:
    • A bundle of more than 1 million nerve fibers that carry visual messages.
    • Essential for vision, as it transmits electrical impulses from the retina to the brain.
  • Aqueous Humour:
    • A clear fluid that fills the space between the cornea and the lens.
    • Provides nutrients and maintains intraocular pressure.
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