For high power application the type of switched mode power supply used is:

Explanation:

Full Bridge Converter

Definition: A full bridge converter is a type of switched-mode power supply (SMPS) topology widely used in high-power applications. It is designed to efficiently convert electrical energy from one form to another, typically stepping up or stepping down DC voltage. The full bridge converter uses four switching devices (such as MOSFETs or IGBTs) arranged in a bridge configuration to transfer energy from the input to the output via a transformer. The primary advantage of this topology is its ability to handle higher power levels with improved efficiency.

Working Principle:

In a full bridge converter, the input DC voltage is applied across the primary winding of a transformer using four switches arranged in a full-bridge configuration. By alternately turning on and off pairs of switches, the converter generates an AC waveform at the transformer primary. This AC waveform is then stepped up or down by the transformer and rectified on the secondary side to produce the desired DC output voltage.

The switching sequence ensures that the transformer core operates efficiently, avoiding saturation and minimizing losses. The use of a transformer also provides isolation between the input and output, which is critical for safety and noise reduction in many applications.

Advantages:

• Capable of handling high power levels, making it suitable for industrial and commercial applications.
• Provides electrical isolation between input and output through the use of a transformer.
• High efficiency due to reduced switching losses and optimized transformer operation.
• Flexibility in stepping up or stepping down voltage levels using the transformer turns ratio.
• Supports bidirectional power flow when combined with appropriate control strategies.

Disadvantages:

• Increased complexity due to the requirement of four switches and associated control circuitry.
• Higher cost compared to simpler topologies like flyback or push-pull converters.
• Requires precise control of switching to avoid issues like shoot-through or transformer saturation.

Applications:

• High-power industrial power supplies.
• Electric vehicle chargers.
• Uninterruptible power supplies (UPS).
• Telecommunication power systems.
• Renewable energy systems, such as solar inverters and wind turbine controllers.

Correct Option Analysis:

The correct option is:

Option 1: Full bridge converter

The full bridge converter is the preferred choice for high-power applications due to its ability to handle large amounts of power efficiently and reliably. The use of four switches in a bridge configuration allows for effective energy transfer and voltage transformation through a transformer. Additionally, the inherent electrical isolation provided by the transformer enhances safety and noise immunity, making it ideal for demanding industrial and commercial environments. Its versatility and performance advantages make it the go-to topology for high-power SMPS designs.

Additional Information

To further understand the analysis, let’s evaluate the other options:

Option 2: Push-pull converter

The push-pull converter is another SMPS topology that uses two switches to alternately drive the primary winding of a center-tapped transformer. While it is suitable for medium power applications, it is not ideal for high-power scenarios due to limitations such as transformer core saturation and increased losses in the center-tapped winding. Additionally, the push-pull topology is less efficient than the full bridge converter at higher power levels, making it less suitable for demanding applications.

Option 3: Flyback converter

The flyback converter is a simple and cost-effective SMPS topology that uses a single switch and a transformer to convert voltage levels. It is primarily used in low to medium power applications due to its simplicity and low component count. However, it is not well-suited for high-power applications because of limitations like higher switching losses, reduced efficiency, and increased stress on components. The flyback topology is more commonly found in applications such as mobile chargers, LED drivers, and small power supplies.

Option 4: Half bridge converter

The half bridge converter is a simplified version of the full bridge converter, using only two switches to drive the transformer. While it is more efficient and less complex than the push-pull topology, it is still not as capable as the full bridge converter for handling very high power levels. The half bridge converter is typically used in medium power applications where cost and complexity need to be balanced with performance requirements.

Conclusion:

The full bridge converter stands out as the most suitable topology for high-power applications due to its superior efficiency, ability to handle large power levels, and inherent electrical isolation. While other topologies like push-pull, flyback, and half bridge converters have their own advantages in specific scenarios, they are not as effective as the full bridge converter for demanding high-power designs. Engineers often choose the full bridge topology for applications requiring reliable and efficient power conversion at elevated power levels.