10 प्रेक्षणों का समांतर माध्य 60 है, और 50 से विचलनों के वर्गों का योगफल 5000 है। प्रेक्षणों का मानक विचलन क्या है?

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  1. 20
  2. 21
  3. 22.36
  4. 24.70

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : 20
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धारणा:

N अवलोकनों का मानक विचलन निम्न द्वारा दिया गया है: \(\sigma = \sqrt {\frac{1}{N} \times \;\mathop \sum \limits_{i = 1}^N {{\left( {{x_i} - \mu } \right)}^2}}\) जहाँ μ अंकगणितीय माध्य है।

गणना:

दिया हुआ: μ = 60, N =10 और \(\mathop \sum \limits_{i = 1}^{10} {\left( {{x_i} - 50} \right)^2} = 5000\)

जैसा कि हम जानते हैं \(\mu = \frac{{\mathop \sum \nolimits_{i = 1}^{10} {x_i}}}{{10\;}} = 60 \Rightarrow \;\mathop \sum \limits_{i = 1}^{10} {x_i} = 600\) 

\( \Rightarrow \mathop \sum \limits_{i = 1}^{10} {\left( {{x_i} - 50} \right)^2} = \;\mathop \sum \limits_{i = 1}^{10} x_i^2 - 100\;\mathop \sum \limits_{i = 1}^{10} {x_i} + 25000 = 5000$\) -----(1)

समीकरण (1) में \(\mathop \sum \limits_{i = 1}^{10} {x_i} = 600\) के मान को प्रतिस्थापित करके हम प्राप्त करते हैं

\(\Rightarrow \;\mathop \sum \limits_{i = 1}^{10} x_i^2 = 40000\)       -----(2)

जैसा कि हम जानते हैं कि, N अवलोकनों का मानक विचलन निम्नानुसार है: \(\sigma = \sqrt {\frac{1}{N} \times \;\mathop \sum \limits_{i = 1}^N {{\left( {{x_i} - \mu } \right)}^2}}\) जहाँ μ अंकगणितीय माध्य है।

\(\Rightarrow {\sigma ^2} = \frac{1}{N}\; \times \;\mathop \sum \limits_{i = 1}^N {\left( {{x_i} - \mu } \right)^2}\;\)

\(\Rightarrow {\sigma ^2} = \frac{1}{N} \times \left( {\mathop \sum \limits_{i = 1}^{N\;} x_i^2 + {\mu ^2} \times \;\mathop \sum \limits_{i = 1}^N 1 - 2\mu \times \;\mathop \sum \limits_{i = 1}^N {x_i}} \right)\;\)    ----(3)

समीकरण (3) में μ = 60, N =10, \(\mathop \sum \limits_{i = 1}^{10} x_i^2\;and\;\mathop \sum \limits_{i = 1}^{10} {x_i}\) के मानों को प्रतिस्थापित करके हम प्राप्त करते हैं

\( \Rightarrow {\sigma ^2} = 400\)

⇒ σ = 20

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