Medieval History MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Medieval History - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is Balaji Vishwanath, Bajirao 1, Balaji Bajirao, Nanasaheb.

Key Points

• Peshwas
  • They were the appointed and later Prime Minister of the Maratha Empire.
  • They were head of the Ashta Pradhan ( council of ministers).
  • First Peshwas: Moropant Trimbak Pingle
  • Last Peshwas: Baji Rao II

Additional Information

• Balaji Vishwanath
  • He was the sixth appointed Peshwas.
  • He assisted the Syed Brothers in deposing Mughal Emperor Farrukhsiyar in 1719.
• Baji Rao I
  • He was acknowledged as the most influential of the nine Peshwas.
  • Marathas under Bajirao I raided the outskirts of Delhi in the Battle of Delhi in 1737.
• Balaji Bajirao
  • He was known as Nanasaheb Peshwa.
  • Under his leadership, the Maratha Empire reached its peak and the Third Battle Panipat was fought during his reign against Ahmad Shah Abdali.
• Nana Saheb
  • He was a leader during the 1857 Revolt who led the rebellion in Kanpur.
  • He was the last Peshwas.

The correct answer is Prince Salim.

Key Points

•  Abul Fazl was murdered on the orders of Prince Salim in 1602 because Prince Salim considered him an obstruction in his path of becoming the emperor.
• Vir Singh Bundela was hired by Prince Salim to accomplish this task. He later became the ruler of Orchha.
• Abul Fazal
  • He was the younger brother of Faizi and one of the Navratnas in the court of Akbar.
  • He was the author of Akbarnama, in which he has given the history from Akbar's forefather Timur to Akbar's reign till 1602.

Additional Information

• Prince Salim
  • He was the eldest surviving son of the emperor Akbar and his imperial name was Jahangir.
  • He succeeded Akbar and was the fourth ruler of the Mughal Dynasty who ruled from 1605-1627.
•  Abdur Rahim Khan-i-Khanan
  • He was the son of Bairam Khan (Akbar's trusted mentor and guardian) and a poet during the rule of Emperor Akbar.
  • He was a Dewan in the Akbar's court and also one of the Navratnas.
  • He was simply called Rahim and is known for his Hindi dohe.
•  Prince Murad
  • He was the second surviving son of the emperor Akbar after Prince Salim.
  • He was the first Mughal to acquire education from western Jesuit priests after acquiring education from Abul Fazl.
• Prince Daniyal
  • He was the third son of the emperor Akbar and brother of Prince Salim and Prince Murad.
  • He was given the charge of Deccan.
  • He was an accomplished poet and used to write in Hindi and Persian.
  • He died at the young age of 32 years due to problems relating to alcoholism.

The correct answer is Akbar.

Key Points

• Akbar
  • He was born on 15 October 1542, in Amarkot.
  • He ruled from 1556 to 1605 and extended Mughal power over most of the Indian subcontinent.
  • In order to maintain his empire, Akbar adopted programming that countered the loyalty of the non-Muslim population of his realm.
  • He reformed and strengthened his central administration and also centralized his financial system and home tax collection procedures.
  • Though he never renounced Islam, he took an active interest in other religions, motivating Hindus,
  • Zoroastrians and Christians as well as Muslims engaged in religious discussions before him.
  • Illiterate himself, he encouraged scholars, poets, painters, and musicians, making his court the centre of culture. 

Additional Information

• Humayun (1530 to 1540 and again from 1555 to 1556)
  • Babur's son Humayun ascended the throne of India three days after Babur's death in 1530.
  • Six months after his accession, Humayun besieged the fortress of Kalinjar in Bundelkhand.
  • He gained a decisive victory over Afghans at Douhrua and drove out Mahmood Lodi and even defeated Bahadur Shah of Gujarat.
  • Humayun forces were defeated by Afghan ruler Sher Shah Suri at Chausa near Buxar in June 1539.
  • On May 17, 1540, the Mughals and the Afghans met again opposite Kannauj.
  • His hopelessly demoralized army was defeated at the battle commonly known as the Battle of Kannauj.
  • In February 1555, he captured Lahore, and after a few months captured also.
  • Humayun’s Tomb is the tomb of the Mughal Emperor Humayun situated in Delhi, which was commissioned by his first wife Bega Begum in the year 1569-1570.
  • The architect of the tomb was Mirak Mirza Ghiyath. He along with his son, Sayyid Muhammad designed it
• Jahangir
  • was born to Maryam-uz-Zamani and Akbar on August 30, 1569.
  • He was named Sultan Muhammad Salim after Shaikh Salim Chishti of Fatehpur Sikri.
  • Akbar called him Sheik Babu.
  • After his coronation, he assumed the title of Nur-ud-din Muhammad Jahangir Badshah Ghazi.
  • Jahangir was the only surviving son of Akbar who after his father’s death ascended the throne in 1604, at the age of 34 years
• Shah Jahan
  • Shah Jahan's full name is Shahab-ud-din Muhammad Khurram.
  • Shah Jahan was the 5th Mughal Emperor of the Mughal dynasty.
  • In 1632, he defeated the Portuguese.
  • He was succeeded by Aurangzeb.
  • The Mahi Maratib was the highest honour in the Mughal Empire.
  • It symbolized honour, bravery, and strength and the Mughal emperors only conferred it upon their highest dignitaries.
  • This honour of the Mahi Maratib was instituted by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan sometime around 1632. 
  • It was conferred to Sultans of Delhi Indian rulers.  

The correct answer is Mehr-un-Nissa.Key Points

•  The original name of Nur Jahan is Mehr-un-Nissa.
• Jahangir was married to Mehr-un-Nissa.
• Jahangir’s real name was Mirza Nur-ud-din Beig Mohammad Khan Salim.
• He got married to Nur Jahan (real name- Mehr-un-Nissa) in 1611.

Additional Information

• Jhangir is the son of Akbar and he built Shalimar Bagh for his wife Noor Jahan in 1619.
• The origin of the Mughal style was a result of the synthesis of the original Indian Style of painting and the Safavid school of Persian painting.
• Mughal paintings were a unique blend of Indian, Persian, and Islamic styles.
• Jahangir's wife 'Nur Jahan' was related to Chikankari.
• Chikankari art is the traditional process of hand embroidery 
• Abul Hassan, Mansur, Bishan Das, Goverdhan, Daulat, Bhim, and others were famous painters in the court of Jahangir. 

The correct answer is Akbar.

Key Points

• Fatehpur Sikri town was built by the Mughal Emperor, Akbar.
• He had planned this city as his capital but the shortage of water compelled him to abandon the city.
• After this within 20 years, the capital of Mughals was shifted to Lahore.
• Fatehpur Sikri was built between 1571 and 1585. 

Additional Information

• The Mughal Dynasty was founded by Babur in 1526.
• The First Battle of Panipat was fought between Babur and Ibrahim Lodhi in 1526.
• Battle of Khanwa between Babur and Rana Sanga in 1527.
• Battle of Chanderi between Babur and Medni Rai in 1528.
• Battle of Ghaggara between Babur and Mehmood Lodhi in 1529.

The correct answer is Iltutmish​.

Key Points

• Iltutmish (1211-1236):
  • He succeeded to the throne after Qutub-ud-din-Aibak.
  • He was the third ruler of the Delhi Sultanate, belonging to the Mamluk dynasty.
  • He constituted corp of forty loyal slave Amirs known as Turkan-i-Chihalgani also called Chalisa.
  • He introduced the silver coin (tanka) and cooper coin (jittal).
  • He made Delhi the capital in place of Lahore.​

Additional Information

• Firoz Shah Tughlaq:
  • He was the third ruler of Tughlaq dynasty that ruled over Delhi from 1351 to 1388 AD.
  • He established the Diwan-i-Khairat - office for charity
  • He established the Diwan-i-Bundagan -- department of slave
  • He is known to establish four new towns, Firozabad, Fatehabad, Jaunpur and Hissar.
  • He appointed Khan-i-Jahan Maqbal, a Telugu Brahmin convert as wazir (prime minister). 
    • The wazir helped the Sultan in his administration and maintained the prestige of the Sultanate during this period.
• Mohammad bin Tughlaq (1325-1351):
  • He shifted his capital from Delhi to Deogir and renamed it as Daulatabad.
  • Daulatabad is situated in Maharashtra. 
  • He built a road from Delhi to Deogir and also set up rest houses for the people.
  • He introduced bronze coins of the same value as Silver coins.
  • He established a new department of agriculture known as “Diwan-i-Kohi".
  • He also provided agricultural loan “Takavi” to the farmers.
• Muhammed Quli Qutub Shah (1580-1612):
  • He was the fifth sultan of the Qutub Shahi dynasty of Golkonda
  • He founded the city of Hyderabad, in South-central India and built its architectural centrepiece, the Charminar. 
  • He founded the city of Hyderabad and named it as Bhagyanagar after his Hindu mistress Bhagamati.​

The correct answer is Khilji.

Important Points

•  Hence the Khilji Dynasty ruled for the shortest.

Additional Information

• Lodhi dynasty from 1451 to 1526 AD (75 Year).
• Longest duration-Tughlaq Dynasty.
• Shortest duration-Khilji Dynasty.

The correct option is Humayun and Sher Shah Suri.

Key Points:

• The Battle of Chausa was fought between Humayun and Sher Shah Suri.
• Sher Shah defeated Humayun in the battle of Chausa in 1539.
• The tomb of Sher Shah Suri is located in Sasaram, Bihar.

Important battles in history:

The correct answer is Francois Bernier.

Key Points

• Francois Bernier (1656-1668)
  • He was a French physician and traveller.
  • He was in India from 1656-1668
  • He visited India during the reign of Shah Jahan.
  • He was physician to Prince Dara Shikoh and later was attached to the court of Aurangzeb
  • ‘Travels in the Mughal Empire’ was written by Francois Bernier.
  • The book mainly talks about the rules of Dara Shikoh and Aurangzeb.

Additional Information

• Jean-Baptiste Tavernier (1605 – 1689) was a 17th-century French gem merchant and traveller. He visited India during the reign of Shahjahan. Travels in India by Jean Baptiste Tavernier, clearly states that Tavernier identified the diamond mining sites in India very clearly.
• Nicolo Conti was an Italian merchant. He visited India during the reign of Deva Raya I of Vijayanagar.
• Marco Polo was a European traveller. He visited Southern India during the reign of Rudramma Devi of the Kakatiyas.

The correct answer is Rupiya.

Important Points

• Sher Shah Suri was the founder of the Suri dynasty.
• The silver coin introduced by Sher Shah Suri was called Rupiya.
• Sher Shah Suri issued the Rupiya coin and fixed standard weights and measures all over the empire.
• This coin introduced by Sher Shah Suri weighed 178 grains and was the precursor of the modern rupee.
• Sher Shah Suri defeated Humayun in the battle of Chausa and assumed the title of Farid al-Din Sher Shah as emperor in 1539.
• He again defeated the Humayun in the battle of Kannauj and annexed Kannauj in 1540.
• The grand trunk road that turns from Calcutta to Peshawar was built by Sher Shah Suri.

Additional Information

• The silver Tankah coin was introduced by Iltutmish.
• The mohur coin was introduced by Sher Shah Suri.
• Gold coins called Dinar was introduced by Muhammad bin Tughluq.

The correct answer is Guru Gobind Singh.Key Points

• Khalsa tradition was initiated in 1699 by the Tenth Guru of Sikhism, Guru Gobind Singh.
• Its formation was a key event in the history of Sikhism.
• The founding of Khalsa is celebrated by Sikhs during the festival of Vaisakhi.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Babur.

• The First Battle of Panipat was fought in the year 1526 between the forces of Babur and Ibrahim Lodhi in which Lodhi was defeated and Mughal rule was established in India.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Humayun.

About Humayun:

• There is a Small Mosque built by him known as the Humayun mosque in the city of Fatehabad. The reason behind the Mosque was built by the 2nd Mughal Emperor Humayun, who in his fight after his defeat at the hands of Sher Shah Suri happened to pass through the city of Fatehabad.
• Humayun was born on 6th March 1508 in Kabul (Afghanistan). His real name was Nasir-ud-Din Muḥammad popularly known as Humayun.
• He was the second (2) Emperor of the Mughal Empire, who ruled over territory in what is now Pakistan, Northern India, Afghanistan, and Bangladesh from 1530–1540, and again he ruled in the 2nd term from 1555–1556.
• In the year 1530, He succeeded his father Babur founder of the Mughal Empire to the throne of Delhi as second (2nd) ruler of the Mughal territories in the Indian subcontinent.
• Humayun lost the Mughal territories to Sher Shah Suri but regained them after 15 years 1555-56 with the help of the Safavid dynasty of Persia.
• On 24 January 1556, Humayun, who died in the Library with his arms full of books, was descending the staircase from his library and he lost the balance fallen down from the staircase, and died.
• In his memoir, his (sister Gulbadan begum) wrote his autobiography named "Humayunama" which was written in the Persian language.

Notes:

• The founder of the Mughal Empire was Babur, who defeated the Lodhi dynasty's last ruler Ibrahim Lodhi at the Batlle of Panipat in 1526 to establish the Mughal rule.

​

Mughals:

• The Mughals were descendants of two great lineages of rulers.
• From their mother’s side, they were descendants of Genghis Khan (died 1227), the Mongol ruler who ruled over parts of China and Central Asia.
• From their father’s side, they were the successors of Timur (died 1404), the ruler of Iran, Iraq and modern-day Turkey.
• However, the Mughals did not like to be called Mughal or Mongol. This was because Genghis Khan’s memory was associated with the massacre of innumerable people.
• It was also linked with the Uzbeks, their Mongol competitors.
• On the other hand, the Mughals were proud of their Timurid ancestry, not least of all because their great ancestor had captured Delhi in 1398. 

The correct answer is 1526.

Key Points

• Babur(1526-1530):
  • He declared himself as Badshah.
  • He was the founder of the Mughal Empire in India in 1526.
  • He defeated Ibrahim Lodhi in 1526 at the first battle of Panipat, and thereby established the Mughal empire.
  • Baburnama, also known as Tuzk-e Babri is the autobiography of Babur.
  • Babur assumed the title of Ghazi after the victory in the battle of Khanwa.

Additional Information

• Babur was the first mughal emeror in India.
• Babur was born in 1483 in Fargana (Uzbekistan).
• The first battle of Panipat was fought between the forces of Babur and Ibrahim Lodhi.
• The Battle was fought on April 21, 1526.
• He wrote Tuzuk-i-Baburi (Autobiography of Babur) in the Turkish language.
• According to Tuzuki-i-Baburi, Babur Died in 1530 and was buried at Aram Bagh (Agra). Later his body was taken to Afghanistan (Kabul).