Random errors can be assessed:

Solution: Measurement errors may be classified as either random or systematic, depending on how the measurement was obtained (an instrument could cause a random error in one situation and a systematic error in another).

1. Random Error:

• ​These are statistical fluctuations (in either direction) in the measured data due to the precision limitations of the measurement device. 
• Random errors can be evaluated through statistical analysis and can be reduced by averaging over a large number of observations .

2. Systematic Error: 

• These are reproducible inaccuracies that are consistently in the same direction.
• These errors are difficult to detect and cannot be analyzed statistically. 
• If a systematic error is identified when calibrating against a standard, applying a correction or correction factor to compensate for the effect can reduce the bias.
• Unlike random errors, systematic errors cannot be detected or reduced by increasing the number of observations.

Common sources of error in physics laboratory experiments:

• Incomplete definition
• Failure to account for a factor 
• Environmental factors
• Instrument resolution
• Calibration 
• Zero offset 
• Physical variations
• Parallax
• Instrument drift 
• Personal errors